Common name: Breadcrumb Sponge

General information

The Bread Sponge, scientifically known as Halichondria panicea, is a common marine sponge found in the shallow waters of the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea. It is characterized by its irregular, lobed shape and its crumb-like texture, which gives it the appearance of a piece of bread - hence its common name. The color of this sponge can vary from yellow to greenish or even dark brown, depending on the environment and the presence of algae within its tissues.

Care

In the aquarium, Halichondria panicea requires a moderate level of care. It thrives in tanks with strong water flow and good water quality, which helps to deliver the planktonic food it filters from the water. It is important to maintain stable conditions as sudden changes can stress the sponge and lead to its decline.

Reproduction

Bread Sponges reproduce both sexually and asexually. Sexual reproduction occurs through the release of sperm into the water column, which then fertilizes eggs in other sponges. Asexually, they can reproduce by budding, where a part of the sponge breaks off and grows into a new individual.

Symbiosis

While Halichondria panicea does not have the same type of symbiotic relationships as corals or anemones, it does host a variety of microorganisms within its tissues. These microorganisms can include bacteria and single-celled algae, which can contribute to the sponge's nutrition and coloration.

Habitat

The natural habitat of the Bread Sponge is typically rocky substrates and the pilings of piers, where it attaches itself and can grow to a considerable size. It is found at various depths, often in areas with strong currents which facilitate its filter-feeding lifestyle.