Common name: Pygmy seahorse

General information

The Pygmy Seahorse, scientifically known as Hippocampus bargibanti, is a captivating species well-known for its diminutive size and remarkable camouflage. These tiny seahorses reach a maximum size of just 2.4 centimeters and are most famous for their symbiotic relationship with gorgonian corals of the genus Muricella. The coloration of H. bargibanti closely matches that of their host corals, making them nearly invisible to predators and divers alike.

Care

Pygmy Seahorses are challenging to keep in home aquariums due to their specific needs and delicate nature. They require a mature, stable, and well-established reef tank with gentle water flow and plenty of live gorgonian corals from their natural habitat. Their diet consists of tiny, live copepods and other microfauna, which can be difficult to maintain in sufficient quantities. Due to these requirements, they are recommended for advanced hobbyists who can replicate their natural environment and dietary needs.

Reproduction

Like other seahorses, H. bargibanti are ovoviviparous, with males carrying the fertilized eggs in a brood pouch until they hatch. The reproduction of Pygmy Seahorses in captivity is rare and requires optimal conditions that mimic their natural breeding environment.

Symbiosis

The Pygmy Seahorse has a unique and obligate symbiotic relationship with certain species of gorgonian corals, particularly those in the genus Muricella. The seahorse's textured body and color patterns blend seamlessly with the coral, providing excellent camouflage against predators. This relationship is so specialized that the seahorse's survival is closely tied to the health of its host coral.

Habitat

Hippocampus bargibanti is found in the Coral Triangle area, including parts of Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and northern Australia. They inhabit coral reefs at depths ranging from 16 to 40 meters, where they live exclusively on their host gorgonians.