Common name: Grey colonial zoanthid

General information

Palythoa tuberculosa, commonly known as Zoanthids, Button Polyps, or Sea Mat, is a species of colonial anemone-like marine invertebrates that belong to the order Zoantharia. They are highly sought after in the reefkeeping hobby for their vibrant colors and ease of care. These polyps form extensive mats on the substrate by connecting via a coenenchyme, which is a common tissue that links individual polyps.

Care

Palythoa tuberculosa is relatively hardy and can thrive in a range of lighting conditions, from moderate to high intensity. They do well with moderate water flow, which helps to keep them free of debris and provides them with the nutrients they need. It's important to note that Palythoa species can contain palytoxin, a potent toxin that can be harmful to humans, so handling should be done with care and protective gloves.

Reproduction

Reproduction in Palythoa tuberculosa typically occurs asexually through budding, where new polyps form directly from the base or sides of a parent polyp. This allows for rapid colony expansion and makes them a popular choice for aquarists looking to fill space in their tanks with attractive, easy-to-grow corals.

Symbiosis

While Palythoa tuberculosa does not have the same type of symbiotic relationships as clownfish and anemones, they do host a variety of microfauna within their structure. This includes small crustaceans and worms that find refuge among the polyps and can contribute to the overall health of the reef aquarium ecosystem.

Habitat

Palythoa tuberculosa is found in a variety of reef environments, from shallow lagoons to deeper reef slopes. They are adaptable and can colonize hard substrates, often forming extensive mats that contribute to the structure and complexity of the reef.