Common name: Pacific spotted scorpionfish

Scientific name: Scorpaena plumieri Bloch, 1789
Scorpionfish, Scorpaena plumieri, Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, Key Largo, FloridaSpotted scorpianfish, Scorpaena plumieri,  Utilla Island, Honduras
A well camouflaged Spotted Scorpionfish waiting to ambush a passing fishSpotted Scorpionfish

General information

The Spotted Scorpionfish, Scorpaena plumieri, is a striking and venomous species known for its ability to blend into its surroundings. This fish is part of the Scorpaenidae family, which is renowned for its members' potent venomous spines. The Spotted Scorpionfish has a mottled appearance with various shades of brown, red, and white, which aids in camouflage among the rocks and coral.

Details

Recommended minimum tank volume
300 liter (79 gallons)
Salinity
S.G. 1.020 to 1.026
Temperature
24 to 28 °C (75 to 82 °F)
Acidity
pH 8 to 8.4
Average size
40 cm (1′4″)
Care level
Moderate to easy Handle with care, venomous spines.
Diet
Carnivore Prefers live or frozen food.
Social
Solo Territorial, best kept alone.
Reefsafe
No May eat small fish/inverts.
Aggression
Semi aggresive Aggressive if provoked.
Captive bred
No

Taxonomy

  1. Kingdom
    Animals
    Animalia
  2. Phylum
    Chordates
    Chordata
  3. Class
    Ray-finned Fishes
    Actinopterygii
  4. Order
    Scorpionfishes
    Scorpaeniformes
  5. Family
    Scorpionfishes
    Scorpaenidae
  6. Genus
    Scorpionfish
    Scorpaena
  7. Species
    Pacific spotted scorpionfish
    Scorpaena plumieri Bloch, 1789
  8. Synonyms
    Scorpaena albofasciata Metzelaar, 1919
    Scorpaena bufo Cuvier, 1829
    Scorpaena rascacio Poey, 1860
    Scorpaena scrofina Valenciennes, 1833

Care

In the aquarium, Spotted Scorpionfish require a tank with plenty of live rock and hiding places to mimic their natural habitat. They are ambush predators, so the tank setup should allow them to blend in and surprise prey. Caution is advised when handling this fish or performing tank maintenance due to its venomous spines. They should be fed a diet of meaty foods such as shrimp, squid, and small fish.

Reproduction

Reproduction in the home aquarium is rare for Spotted Scorpionfish. In the wild, they are ovoviviparous, with females releasing live young after internal fertilization. The larvae are planktonic before settling to the bottom and developing into juveniles.

Habitat

Spotted Scorpionfish are found in the Western Atlantic, from North Carolina and Bermuda to Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. They inhabit rocky bottoms, coral reefs, and seagrass beds, often lying motionless and blending in with their surroundings to ambush prey.