Common name: Button Polyps

General information

Zoanthus coppingeri, commonly known as Button Polyps or Coppinger's Sea Mat, is a species of colonial zoanthids that are popular in the reef aquarium hobby. These zoanthids are known for their vibrant colors and patterns, which can range from bright greens and yellows to deep purples and blues. They form mat-like colonies with individual polyps connected by a fleshy stolon. Zoanthids are often mistaken for soft corals but are actually closer to anemones in terms of their biology.

Care

Coppinger's Sea Mat is relatively easy to care for, making it suitable for both beginner and advanced aquarists. They thrive in moderate to high lighting conditions and moderate water flow, which helps to keep the polyps free of detritus and provides them with the nutrients they need. Zoanthids are capable of both photosynthesis, thanks to their symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae, and feeding on particulate matter in the water column. It's beneficial to supplement their diet with zooplankton or finely minced seafood.

Symbiosis

Zoanthus coppingeri, like many zoanthids, hosts symbiotic algae known as zooxanthellae within its tissues. This symbiotic relationship is crucial for their survival, as the zooxanthellae provide the polyps with nutrients produced through photosynthesis. In return, the polyps provide the algae with a protected environment and the compounds necessary for photosynthesis.

Habitat

In the wild, Zoanthus coppingeri is found in shallow reef environments where it can receive ample sunlight for its symbiotic algae. They are typically found attached to hard substrates, such as rocks or dead coral, and can form extensive colonies over time. Their natural range includes the Indo-Pacific region, often in areas with strong water movement that helps to deliver nutrients and remove waste products.