Common name: Button Polyp

General information

Zoanthus sociatus, commonly known as Button Polyps or Zoanthids, are a popular choice among reef aquarium enthusiasts due to their vibrant colors and ease of care. These colonial anemones form mats that cover the substrate or live rock, creating a stunning carpet-like effect. Each polyp is connected by a thin piece of tissue called coenenchyme, which allows for the colony to spread and grow over time.

Care

Button Polyps are hardy and can thrive in a range of lighting conditions, from moderate to high intensity. They prefer moderate water flow to help keep their surfaces free of debris and to facilitate feeding. Zoanthids are photosynthetic, hosting symbiotic algae known as zooxanthellae, which provide them with much of their nutritional needs. Supplemental feeding with zooplankton can promote growth and enhance coloration.

Reproduction

Reproduction in Zoanthus sociatus typically occurs through asexual means, such as budding, where new polyps form directly from the body of an existing one. This makes them particularly adept at colonizing new areas of the reef or aquarium.

Symbiosis

While not hosting fish or invertebrates like some anemones, Zoanthids can have a mutualistic relationship with certain types of microfauna that help keep the polyps clean and free from detritus.

Habitat

In the wild, Zoanthus sociatus can be found in shallow, warm waters, often in areas with plenty of sunlight such as reef flats and lagoon margins. They are adaptable and can be found on various substrates from rock to sandy bottoms.