Common name: Tunicate

General Information

Brevicollus tuberatus is a species of tunicate, commonly known as a sea squirt, belonging to the subphylum Tunicata. Tunicates are marine invertebrates that are well-known for their unique filter-feeding capabilities. This species, specifically, was first described in 1990 and is native to the western Pacific Ocean. Brevicollus tuberatus is often found attached to hard substrates such as coral reefs, rocks, or man-made structures like piers and ship hulls. Its distinctive tubular body structure helps it filter nutrients from the surrounding water, playing an important role in maintaining water quality in its habitat.

Tunicates, including Brevicollus tuberatus, are part of a larger group of organisms called chordates, which means that during their larval stage, they exhibit characteristics similar to other chordates, such as a notochord. However, in their adult form, they lose most of these features and take on a more sessile, stationary lifestyle. The body of Brevicollus tuberatus is covered in a tough outer layer called a tunic, which gives the tunicate its common name.

Care

Caring for Brevicollus tuberatus in captivity can be challenging, making it suitable only for advanced marine aquarists who have experience with delicate marine invertebrates. The species requires stable water parameters, with pristine water quality that mimics its natural oceanic environment. Since it is a filter feeder, it needs a continuous supply of suspended organic particles, such as plankton, to thrive. In an aquarium setting, this can be provided through live phytoplankton or a specialized filter feeder diet.

A strong filtration system is required to maintain excellent water quality, as tunicates are sensitive to changes in water chemistry, particularly high levels of nitrates or ammonia. Additionally, Brevicollus tuberatus needs moderate water flow to help it capture food particles, but the flow should not be so strong that it damages the delicate organism.

Due to their specialized feeding needs and sensitivity to water quality, Brevicollus tuberatus is not commonly found in the aquarium trade. Aquarists who wish to keep this species should ensure that it is housed in a mature, well-established tank with other peaceful species that will not disturb its filter-feeding activities.

Habitat

Brevicollus tuberatus is native to the warm, shallow waters of the western Pacific Ocean. It typically inhabits coral reefs, rocky areas, and sheltered coastal environments where it can anchor itself to hard surfaces. These areas provide an abundance of microscopic organic material, which is essential for its filter-feeding lifestyle.

The species is often found under overhangs or in shaded areas of the reef, which offer protection from strong currents and direct sunlight. This habitat preference should be considered when attempting to replicate suitable conditions in captivity. Providing plenty of live rock or other structures for Brevicollus tuberatus to attach to is crucial for its well-being.

In its natural habitat, Brevicollus tuberatus plays a role in maintaining ecosystem health by filtering suspended particles from the water, which helps improve water clarity and quality. This ecological role makes tunicates an important component of the marine environment, contributing to the overall health and stability of coral reef ecosystems.