Family

Common name: Compound Tunicates

Scientific name: Polycitoridae

The Polycitoridae family is an intriguing group of compound or colonial tunicates, belonging to the class Ascidiacea. These marine invertebrates are known for their ability to form large, often colorful colonies that are found in various oceanic regions, from tropical to temperate waters. Tunicates, including those in the Polycitoridae family, are filter feeders, meaning they play an essential role in the marine ecosystem by filtering plankton and other small particles from the water. This not only helps to keep the water clear but also provides a food source for these unique creatures.

Members of the Polycitoridae family are characterized by their soft, gelatinous bodies and sac-like structure. They attach themselves to hard substrates such as rocks, shells, or man-made structures like piers and ship hulls. The colonies can vary greatly in appearance, with some species forming encrusting layers while others develop into more elaborate, branching structures. The vibrant colors and intricate forms of Polycitoridae colonies can make them a fascinating addition to a marine aquarium, though they are more commonly appreciated in their natural habitats by divers and marine biologists.

For hobbyists interested in keeping Polycitoridae in a marine aquarium, it is important to replicate their natural environment as closely as possible. This includes maintaining clean, well-filtered water, as well as ensuring a steady supply of planktonic food. Since they are sessile organisms, they do not require large amounts of space, but they do benefit from stable water conditions and a peaceful tank environment. It's also crucial to monitor the growth of these colonies, as they can sometimes overgrow and outcompete other sessile organisms in the aquarium.

Overall, while Polycitoridae may not be the first choice for most marine aquarists, they offer a unique opportunity to observe the fascinating world of colonial tunicates and their ecological roles. Their presence in an aquarium can provide insight into the complexity and beauty of marine life, as well as the delicate balance required to maintain a healthy aquatic ecosystem.

  1. Common name: Tunicate
    Scientific name: Brevicollus tuberatus
  2. Colony of Urn Ascidian or green barrel sea squirt (Didemnum molle) on the rock, Indian Ocean, Maldives, Asia
    Common name: Green Barrel Sea Squirt
    Scientific name: Eudistoma gilboviride
  3. Common name: Blue Velvet Sea Squirt
    Scientific name: Eudistoma reginum