Common name: Red Sea Urchin

General information

The Red Sea Urchin, scientifically known as Mesocentrotus franciscanus, is a large echinoderm that is quite popular in marine aquariums. It is known for its striking red coloration and long, sharp spines that can vary in color from red to purple. This species is native to the Pacific coast of North America, from Alaska to Baja California. It plays a significant role in its ecosystem by grazing on algae and helping to control algal growth on reefs and rocky substrates.

Care

In the aquarium, Mesocentrotus franciscanus requires a stable environment with plenty of live rock and a constant supply of algae for grazing. They are generally hardy and can adapt to a range of conditions, but they do best in well-oxygenated water with strong currents. It's important to ensure that the aquarium is free of sharp edges or overly aggressive tank mates that could harm the urchin's spines.

Reproduction

Red Sea Urchins reproduce by releasing their gametes into the water column, where fertilization occurs externally. In the aquarium, breeding is not common, but with optimal conditions, it is possible to observe spawning behavior. The larvae are planktonic and go through several developmental stages before settling down and metamorphosing into juvenile urchins.

Symbiosis

While not known for a specific symbiotic relationship like clownfish and anemones, Mesocentrotus franciscanus can contribute to the overall health of the aquarium by maintaining low levels of algae and providing a natural and dynamic element to the tank's ecosystem.

Habitat

In the wild, Red Sea Urchins are typically found in rocky coastal areas, kelp forests, and sometimes on sandy bottoms near these habitats. They can be found at depths ranging from the intertidal zone to over 100 meters. In the aquarium, they require a habitat that mimics these conditions with plenty of hiding places and surfaces to graze on.