Phylum

Common name: Echinoderms

Scientific name: Echinodermata

Echinoderms, belonging to the phylum Echinodermata, are a fascinating group of marine animals that include species such as starfish, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers. These creatures are exclusively marine and are known for their radial symmetry, typically having a five-point symmetry, although some species can have more. One of the most distinctive features of echinoderms is their unique water vascular system, which functions in locomotion, feeding, and respiration. This system is a network of hydraulic canals that facilitate movement through the extension and retraction of tube feet.

Echinoderms play vital roles in marine ecosystems. Sea urchins, for example, are important grazers that help control algal populations on coral reefs. Starfish are often top predators in their environments, preying on mollusks and other invertebrates. Sea cucumbers contribute to the health of the ocean floor by recycling nutrients as they feed on detritus. This ecological significance makes echinoderms valuable not only for their biodiversity but also for maintaining the balance of marine habitats.

For aquarium hobbyists, echinoderms can be both intriguing and challenging additions. They require stable water conditions and a well-established tank to thrive. It's important to research the specific needs of each species, as their dietary and environmental requirements can vary significantly. Sea urchins, for example, may require supplemental feeding if algae are not abundant, while starfish may need specific types of prey. Additionally, echinoderms are sensitive to changes in water chemistry, so maintaining consistent water quality is crucial for their health.

  1. Crown of Thorns Starfish (Purple Variant)
    Common name: Crown-of-Thorns Starfish
    Scientific name: Acanthaster planci
  2. Common name: Bannwarth's Sea Cucumber
    Scientific name: Actinopyga bannwarthi
  3. Prickly sea cucumber, Fury Shoal, Red Sea, Egypt
    Common name: Spiny Sea Cucumber
    Scientific name: Actinopyga crassa
  4. Actinopyga Mauritiana - Sea Cucumber
    Common name: Brownfish
    Scientific name: Actinopyga echinites
  5. Red holothurian underwater
    Common name: stone fish (holothurian)
    Scientific name: Actinopyga lecanora
  6. Actinopyga Mauritiana - Sea Cucumber
    Common name: Surf redfish
    Scientific name: Actinopyga mauritiana
  7. Common name: Plump sea cucumber
    Scientific name: Actinopyga obesa
  8. The amazing and mysterious underwater world of Indonesia, North Sulawesi, Manado, brittlestar
    Common name: brittlestar
    Scientific name: Amphiura filiformis
  9. Mediterranean feather star water lilly - Antedon mediterranea on sea bed
    Common name: Feather star
    Scientific name: Antedon mediterranea
  10. A Pickle of Sea Cucumbers
    Common name: California Sea Cucumber
    Scientific name: Apostichopus californicus
  11. Tropical sea cucumber (Pearsothuria graeffei)
    Common name: Warty sea cucumber
    Scientific name: Apostichopus parvimensis
  12. Common name: Burton's Starfish
    Scientific name: Aquilonastra burtoni
  13. Sand Sifting Sea Star - (Astropecten polycanthus)
    Common name: Sand Sifting Starfish
    Scientific name: Archaster angulatus
  14. sand sifting starfish (archaster typicus) moving through the glass of a reef aquarium
    Common name: Indo-Pacific Beach Star
    Scientific name: Archaster typicus
  15. Northern Pacific Seastar (Asterias amurensis) in Japan
    Common name: Northern Pacific Seastar
    Scientific name: Asterias amurensis
  16. étoile de mer commune (Asterias rubens).
    Common name: Northern Sea Star
    Scientific name: Asterias rubens
  17. Common name: sheriff-badge sea star
    Scientific name: Asteropsis carinifera
  18. Magnificent fire urchin (Asthenosoma ijimai) near Anilao, Batangas, Luzon, Philippines.  Underwater photography and travel.
    Common name: Fire Urchin
    Scientific name: Asthenosoma ijimai
  19. Coleman Shrimp, Periclimenes colemani, Sea Urchin, Variable Fire Urchin, Asthenosoma varium, Coral Reef, Lembeh, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, Asia
    Common name: variable fire urchin
    Scientific name: Asthenosoma varium
  20. Common name: Anderson's Sand Star
    Scientific name: Astropecten andersoni
  21. Red Comb Starfish (Astropecten aranciacus)
    Common name: Red Comb Starfish
    Scientific name: Astropecten aranciacus
  22. Giovane esemplare di stella marina, Astropecten bispinosus, tra la sabbia
    Common name: Bispinosus Sand Star
    Scientific name: Astropecten bispinosus
  23. Sand Sifting Sea Star - (Astropecten polycanthus)
    Common name: Sand Sifting Starfish
    Scientific name: Astropecten jonstoni
  24. Astropecten spiny sea star on silty bottom
    Common name: comb star
    Scientific name: Astropecten polyacanthus
  25. Mediterranean Sea Sand Starfish (Astropecten spinulosus)
    Common name: Sea Sand Starfish
    Scientific name: Astropecten spinulosus
  26. Basket Star Astrophyton muricatum in Tayrona National Natural Park
    Common name: Giant Basket Star
    Scientific name: Astrophyton muricatum
  27. Magnificent Urchin Astropyga magnifica
    Common name: Pale spine fire urchin
    Scientific name: Astropyga magnifica
  28. Blue-spotted Urchin (Astropyga radiata)
    Common name: Blue-spotted Urchin
    Scientific name: Astropyga radiata
  29. Brown sea cucumber (Holothuria stellati) on sea bottom, Aegean Sea, Greece, Halkidiki
    Common name: New zealand sea cucumber
    Scientific name: Australostichopus mollis
  30. A large sea cucumber, Bohadschia argus, is found on the sand and rubble seafloor in Palau. This echinoderm can eject sticky, toxic tubules out of its anus that deter predators.
    Common name: Leopard Sea Cucumber
    Scientific name: Bohadschia argus
  31. Indonesia, Crab on sea cucumber (Lissocarcinus orbicularis) and (Bohadschia marmorata)
    Common name: Pale marbled sea cucumber
    Scientific name: Bohadschia marmorata
  32. Common name: Brownspotted sandfish
    Scientific name: Bohadschia vitiensis
  33. Sand dollar and shell lying on the beach
    Common name: Lesser Sand Dollar
    Scientific name: Brissus latecarinatus
  34. Common name: groove burrowing urchin
    Scientific name: Brissus unicolor
  35. Hatpin sea urchin - Centrostephanus longispinus
    Common name: long-spined urchin
    Scientific name: Centrostephanus longispinus
  36. Large almost black Rodgers sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii hiding in rock crevice covered with colourful encrusting invertebrate life forms.
    Common name: Long-spined Sea Urchin
    Scientific name: Centrostephanus rodgersii
  37. Pink warty sea cucumber
    Common name: Red box sea cucumber
    Scientific name: Cercodemas anceps
  38. Sea star in the coral reef, Bali sea, Indonesia
    Common name: Red Brittle Star
    Scientific name: Chaetaster longipes
  39. Granulated Sea Star (Choriaster granulatus)
    Common name: Granulated Sea Star
    Scientific name: Choriaster granulatus
  40. Close up of sea urchin Sand dollar, Cake urchin or Sea Biscuits on sandy bottom in sun glare, Red sea, Egypt
    Common name: Sand Dollar
    Scientific name: Clypeaster humilis
  41. Close up of sea urchin Sand dollar, Cake urchin or Sea Biscuits on sandy bottom in sun glare, Red sea, Egypt
    Common name: Sand Dollar
    Scientific name: Clypeaster reticulatus
  42. Common name: sea biscuit
    Scientific name: Clypeaster rosaceus
  43. A Sand Dollar (Clypeaster subdepressus) on the beach
    Common name: sand dollar
    Scientific name: Clypeaster subdepressus
  44. Sea cucumber
    Common name: Sea Cucumber
    Scientific name: Colochirus crassus
  45. Prickly sea cucumber, Fury Shoal, Red Sea, Egypt
    Common name: Thorny sea cucumber
    Scientific name: Colochirus quadrangularis
  46. Colochirus robustus - Gelbe Seewalze im Komodo Nationalpark
    Common name: robust sea cucumber
    Scientific name: Colochirus robustus
  47. Feather Star, Crinoid, Coral Reef, Lembeh, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, Asia
    Common name: Feather Star
    Scientific name: Comaster nobilis
  48. Yellow feather starfish (Comaster schlegelii), found in Similan island , Thailand 2018
    Common name: Feather Star
    Scientific name: Comaster schlegelii
  49. Étoile de mer épineuse - coscinasterias tenuispina
    Common name: white starfish
    Scientific name: Coscinasterias tenuispina
  50. Pin Cushion Star (Culcita novaeguineae)
    Common name: Pin Cushion Star
    Scientific name: Culcita novaeguineae
  51. Cushion Star or Spiny cushion star (Culcita schmideliana), Indian Ocean, Maldives, Asia
    Common name: cushion star
    Scientific name: Culcita schmideliana
  52. Eccentric Sand Dollar - Dendraster excentricus
    Common name: Eccentric sand dollar
    Scientific name: Dendraster excentricus
  53. Underwater two long spined sea urchins, Diadema antillarum, on the seabed in the Caribbean sea
    Common name: long-spined sea urchin
    Scientific name: Diadema antillarum
  54. Diadema Savignyi - Diadematidae - Long-spined sea urchin - Black longspine urchin  - Banded diadem
    Common name: Sea urchin
    Scientific name: Diadema savignyi
  55. Sea Urchin Or Urchin Or Sea Hedgehog Diadema Setosum Swimming In
    Common name: black longspine urchin
    Scientific name: Diadema setosum
  56. Starfish, Echinaster callosus, Gili Lawat Indonesia
    Common name: Warty sea star
    Scientific name: Echinaster callosus
  57. Luzon Sea Star (Echinaster luzonicus)
    Common name: Luzon Sea Star
    Scientific name: Echinaster luzonicus
  58. Estrella de mar. Echinaster sepositus.
    Common name: Red starfish
    Scientific name: Echinaster sepositus
  59. Heart urchin, Echinocardium cordatum, Raja Ampat Indonesia.
    Common name: sea-potato
    Scientific name: Echinocardium cordatum
  60. Hawaiian Pink Rock Boring Urchin
    Common name: rock-boring urchin
    Scientific name: Echinometra lucunter
  61. Rock Boring Urchin (Echinometra mathaei) underwater hidden in a hole in coral, lagoon of Bora Bora, Pacific ocean, French Polynesia
    Common name: Rock Boring Urchin
    Scientific name: Echinometra mathaei
  62. Caribbean Reef Urchin (Echinometra viridis)
    Common name: Reef Urchin
    Scientific name: Echinometra viridis
  63. Needle-Spined Urchin on Coral Reef
    Common name: Urchin Spine Snail
    Scientific name: Echinostrephus aciculatus
  64. Common name: Burrowing fine spine urchin
    Scientific name: Echinostrephus molaris
  65. Bleistift-Diademseeigel  Echinothrix calamaris
    Common name: banded sea urchin
    Scientific name: Echinothrix calamaris
  66. Sea Urchin at Seabed Diadema Setosum
    Common name: Diadema urchin
    Scientific name: Echinothrix diadema
  67. Single European Edible Sea Urchin - latin Echinus esculentus - inhabiting seashore coastal waters of western Europe, in an zoological garden marine aquarium
    Common name: common sea urchin
    Scientific name: Echinus esculentus
  68. White Urchin
    Common name: Pineapple Sea Urchin
    Scientific name: Echinus melo
  69. Old sand dollar
    Common name: Sand Dollar
    Scientific name: Encope emarginata
  70. Head showing feeding tentacles of the sticky snake sea cucumber (Euapta godeffroyi), New Britain, Papua New Guinea
    Common name: Lion's Paw Sea Cucumber
    Scientific name: Euapta godeffroyi
  71. Common name: beaded sea cucumber
    Scientific name: Euapta lappa
  72.  slate pencil urchin Heterocentrotus mammillatus
    Common name: Pencil Urchin
    Scientific name: Eucidaris metularia
  73. Eucidaris tribuloides, the slate pencil urchin
    Common name: slate pencil urchin
    Scientific name: Eucidaris tribuloides
  74. Harlequin Shrimp, Hymenocera picta, with sea star food, Fromia monilis
    Common name: Orange spotted purple sea star
    Scientific name: Fromia elegans
  75. Ghardaqa red sea star - (fromia ghardaqana), underwater photo into the Red Sea
    Common name: Ghardaqa Sea Star
    Scientific name: Fromia ghardaqana
  76. Indian Sea Star (Fromia indica) on stony coral
    Common name: Indian Sea Star
    Scientific name: Fromia indica
  77. Detail of a small Thousand-pores starfish, Fromia milleporella, as it crawls on a reef in Indonesia.
    Common name: Red Starfish
    Scientific name: Fromia milleporella
  78. A Pearl Sea Star (Fromia monilis) in the Red Sea, Egypt
    Common name: Red Tile Starfish
    Scientific name: Fromia monilis
  79. Noduled sea star (Fromia nodosa) underwater on the bottom of the sea
    Common name: Red Sea Star
    Scientific name: Fromia nodosa
  80. Huge red starfish underwater in the blue clear sea. concept of holiday, vocation and relaxing
    Common name: Red Starfish
    Scientific name: Fromia polypora
  81. Egyptian sea star
    Common name: Egyptian sea star
    Scientific name: Gomophia egyptiaca
  82. Starfish
    Common name: Egg Cowrie
    Scientific name: Gomophia watsoni
  83. close up underwater photo of red slate pencil urchin
    Common name: Slate Pencil Urchin
    Scientific name: Goniocidaris tubaria
  84. Hacelia Orange seastar, underwater photo into the Mediterranean sea - (Hacelia attenuata)
    Common name: smooth starfish
    Scientific name: Hacelia attenuata
  85. Blood Star (Henricia leviuscula) photographed scuba diving in southern British Columbia
    Common name: Pacific blood star
    Scientific name: Henricia leviuscula
  86. Blood Sea Star underwater in the St. Lawrence Estuary
    Common name: Bloody Henry starfish
    Scientific name: Henricia oculata
  87. oursin crayon , Heterocentrotus mamillatus
    Common name: slate pencil urchin
    Scientific name: Heterocentrotus mamillatus
  88. Arctic Cushion Star (Hippasteria phrygiana), Weather Islands, Skagerrak Sea, Sweden
    Common name: Arctic Cushion Star
    Scientific name: Hippasteria phrygiana
  89. Lollyfish or black sea cucumber (Holothuria atra) undersea, Red Sea, Egypt, Sharm El Sheikh, Nabq Bay
    Common name: lolly fish (holothurian)
    Scientific name: Holothuria atra
  90. Tiger Tail Sea Cucumber
    Common name: Tiger Tail Sea Cucumber
    Scientific name: Holothuria difficilis
  91. Rosafarbene Seegurke -Holothuria (Halodeima) edulis
    Common name: pinkfish sea cucumber
    Scientific name: Holothuria edulis
  92. Tiger Tail Sea Cucumber, Holothuria thomasi, in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, Florida
    Common name: florida sea cucumber
    Scientific name: Holothuria floridana
  93. sea cucumber
    Common name: Black sea cucumber
    Scientific name: Holothuria forskali
  94. Elephant Trunkfish sea cucumber.(Holothuria fuscopunctata) in Sogod Bay near Padre Burgos, Southern Leyte, Philippines.  Underwater photography and travel.
    Common name: Brown spot sea cucumber
    Scientific name: Holothuria fuscopunctata
  95. Common name: Tiger-Tail Sea Cucumber
    Scientific name: Holothuria hilla
  96. Common name: impatient sea cucumber
    Scientific name: Holothuria impatiens
  97. Underwater marine life Donkey dung sea cucumber
    Common name: donkey dung sea cucumber
    Scientific name: Holothuria mexicana
  98. Holothuria nobilis at the bottom of a coral reef in the Red Sea
    Common name: Black teatfish
    Scientific name: Holothuria nobilis
  99. A large sea cucumber, Bohadschia argus, is found on the sand and rubble seafloor in Palau. This echinoderm can eject sticky, toxic tubules out of its anus that deter predators.
    Common name: Leopard Sea Cucumber
    Scientific name: Holothuria pardalis
  100. トラフナマコ
    Common name: Tiger Tail Sea Cucumber
    Scientific name: Holothuria pervicax
  101. Common name: sand fish
    Scientific name: Holothuria scabra
  102. Tiger Tail Sea Cucumber (Holothuria thomasi), in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, Florida
    Common name: Tiger Tail Sea Cucumber
    Scientific name: Holothuria thomasi
  103. Sea cucumber cotton-spinner or tubular sea cucumber (Holothuria tubulosa) on sea bottom, Aegean Sea, Greece, Halkidiki
    Common name: cotton-spinner
    Scientific name: Holothuria tubulosa
  104. Black Teatfish, Holothuria (Microthele) nobilis lies on seabed with pebbles and wilted seagrass leaves glued to itself for camouflage on sunny day in sun glare, Red sea, Egypt
    Common name: Black teatfish
    Scientific name: Holothuria whitmaei
  105. A Double Sea Star (Iconaster longimanus)
    Common name: icon star
    Scientific name: Iconaster longimanus
  106. Sea cucumber underwater on the seabed
    Common name: four-sided sea cucumber
    Scientific name: Isostichopus badionotus
  107. Common name: Leather Star
    Scientific name: Leiaster coriaceus
  108. Common name: velvety sea star
    Scientific name: Leiaster speciosus
  109. yellow star linckia guildingi
    Common name: Blue Linckia Starfish
    Scientific name: Linckia guildingi
  110. Blue Linckia (Linckia laevigata)
    Common name: Blue Linckia
    Scientific name: Linckia laevigata
  111. Spotted Linckia Linckia multifora
    Common name: Blue Linckia Starfish
    Scientific name: Linckia multifora
  112. Heart urchin, Echinocardium cordatum, Raja Ampat Indonesia.
    Common name: Heart Urchin
    Scientific name: Lovenia elongata
  113. Common name: Seven-armed starfish
    Scientific name: Luidia ciliaris
  114. Luidia maculata Starfish strand on the beach
    Common name: seven armed sea star
    Scientific name: Luidia maculata
  115. Variegated sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus
    Common name: variegated urchin
    Scientific name: Lytechinus variegatus
  116. Common name: Variable Brittle Star
    Scientific name: Macrophiothrix variabilis
  117. Spiny starfish (Marthasterias glacialis) in Mediterranean Sea
    Common name: spiny starfish
    Scientific name: Marthasterias glacialis
  118. Common name: Large Burrowing Sea Cucumber
    Scientific name: Massinium magnum
  119. Test (hard shell) of red heart urchin or cake urchin, large heart urchin (Meoma ventricosa) undersea, Caribbean Sea, Cuba, Playa Cueva de los peces
    Common name: West Indian Sea Egg
    Scientific name: Meoma ventricosa
  120. Red Sea Urchins
    Common name: Red Sea Urchin
    Scientific name: Mesocentrotus franciscanus