Common name: Yellow Cluster Anemone

General information

Parazoanthus catenularis, commonly known as the Yellow Cluster Anemone or Yellow Colonial Anemone, is a species of colonial anemone found in the marine aquarium trade. This species is part of the Zoanthidae family and is known for its bright yellow polyps and encrusting growth form. Unlike solitary anemones, Parazoanthus catenularis forms colonies through asexual reproduction, creating a visually striking display in reef aquariums.

Care

Yellow Cluster Anemones are relatively hardy and can adapt to a range of lighting conditions, although moderate to high lighting is preferred to maintain their vibrant coloration. They require stable water quality with consistent levels of salinity, alkalinity, and nutrients. Care should be taken to provide sufficient space between colonies and other sessile invertebrates to prevent competition and aggression.

Reproduction

Reproduction in Parazoanthus catenularis is primarily asexual through budding, where new polyps form from the base of existing ones, leading to the expansion of the colony. Sexual reproduction is less common but can occur, resulting in the release of gametes into the water column for external fertilization.

Symbiosis

While not hosting fish or other large organisms, Parazoanthus catenularis may engage in mutualistic relationships with microfauna, providing shelter in exchange for cleaning and detritus removal. Additionally, like many cnidarians, they harbor symbiotic zooxanthellae within their tissues, which provide nutrients through photosynthesis.

Habitat

Parazoanthus catenularis is typically found in shallow reef environments where it can attach to hard substrates. It thrives in areas with moderate water flow, which aids in nutrient uptake and removal of waste products.