Common name: golden zoanthid

General information

Parazoanthus swiftii, commonly known as Yellow Polyps or Golden Zoanthids, are a species of zoanthids that are popular among reef aquarium enthusiasts for their vibrant yellow coloration and ease of care. These colonial animals are composed of multiple individual polyps connected by a mat-like structure called a coenenchyme. Each polyp has a mouth surrounded by tentacles that are used for feeding and defense.

Care

Golden Zoanthids are hardy and can thrive in a range of lighting conditions, from moderate to high intensity. They prefer moderate water flow to help keep their surfaces clean and to aid in feeding. They are capable of both photosynthesis, thanks to their symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae, and heterotrophy, where they can capture small food particles from the water column.

Reproduction

Reproduction in Parazoanthus swiftii typically occurs asexually through budding, where new polyps form from the base of existing ones. This makes them a fast-growing species that can quickly cover surfaces in the aquarium. Sexual reproduction is less common but can occur, resulting in the release of gametes into the water column.

Symbiosis

While not hosting fish or invertebrates like some anemones, Yellow Polyps do have a symbiotic relationship with photosynthetic algae known as zooxanthellae. These algae live within the tissues of the polyps and provide them with nutrients produced through photosynthesis, while the polyps provide the algae with a protected environment and access to light.

Habitat

In the wild, Parazoanthus swiftii is found in shallow reef environments where they attach to hard substrates. They are often seen in areas with strong water movement which aids in their feeding and respiration.