Common name: Eyelight fish

Scientific name: Photoblepharon palpebratum (Boddaert, 1781)

General information

The Flashlight Fish, scientifically known as Photoblepharon palpebratum, is a captivating species renowned for its unique ability to produce bioluminescent light. This light is generated by symbiotic bacteria housed in special light organs located beneath the eyes. The fish can control the intensity and duration of the light by using a muscular eyelid to cover or reveal the light organ. This bioluminescence is used for communication, attracting prey, and evading predators.

Details

Recommended minimum tank volume
75 liter (20 gallons)
Salinity
S.G. 1.023 to 1.026
Temperature
24 to 28 °C (75 to 82 °F)
Acidity
pH 8 to 8.4
Average size
14 cm (6″)
Care level
Moderate to easy Requires hiding spots and dim lighting
Diet
Carnivore Enjoys small crustaceans and worms
Social
Pair Pairs are often monogamous
Reefsafe
Yes
Aggression
Peaceful
Captive bred
No

Taxonomy

  1. Kingdom
    Animals
    Animalia
  2. Phylum
    Chordates
    Chordata
  3. Class
    Ray-finned Fishes
    Actinopterygii
  4. Order
    Squirrelfish
    Beryciformes
  5. Family
    Flashlight Fish
    Anomalopidae
  6. Genus
    Flashlight Fish
    Photoblepharon
  7. Species
    Eyelight fish
    Photoblepharon palpebratum (Boddaert, 1781)
  8. Synonyms
    Photoblepheron palpebratus (Boddaert, 1781)
    Sparus palpebratus Boddaert, 1781

Care

Caring for Flashlight Fish in captivity requires a specialized environment that mimics their natural nocturnal habitat. They thrive in dimly lit aquariums with plenty of hiding places. It's essential to maintain a consistent day-night cycle and provide a diet of live or frozen foods like brine shrimp and plankton to keep them healthy and active.

Reproduction

Reproduction of Flashlight Fish in the home aquarium is rare and not well-documented. In the wild, they are believed to scatter their eggs, which then hatch into planktonic larvae.

Symbiosis

The symbiotic relationship between Photoblepharon palpebratum and its bioluminescent bacteria is a remarkable example of mutualism. The bacteria benefit from a safe habitat and nutrients provided by the fish, while the fish uses the light produced by the bacteria for various survival functions.

Habitat

Flashlight Fish are typically found in tropical and subtropical waters, often around coral reefs and overhangs. They prefer depths where sunlight is minimal, allowing them to use their bioluminescent abilities to their full advantage.