Common name: Imperial Sea Urchin

General Information

The Imperial Sea Urchin, scientifically known as Phyllacanthus imperialis, is a captivating echinoderm often sought after by marine hobbyists for its unique appearance and beneficial role in the aquarium ecosystem. With its striking coloration and spiny exterior, this sea urchin is not only a visual delight but also a practical addition to reef tanks, where it helps control algae growth.

Imperially named for its regal appearance, the Imperial Sea Urchin is a member of the Phyllacanthidae family.

Care

The Imperial Sea Urchin is relatively easy to care for, making it suitable for aquarists of varying experience levels. It thrives in well-established marine aquariums with plenty of live rock, which provides ample surfaces for grazing. Maintaining stable water parameters is crucial, as sudden changes can stress the urchin.

While generally hardy, the Imperial Sea Urchin requires careful handling due to its spines. It is best introduced into tanks with a mature biological filter and stable water conditions. Regular monitoring of calcium and alkalinity levels is recommended to support its shell and spine growth.

Diet and Feeding

The Imperial Sea Urchin is primarily a herbivore, feeding on various types of algae found in the aquarium. It plays a vital role in controlling algae growth, making it a beneficial addition to the ecosystem. In captivity, it can be supplemented with dried seaweed or specially formulated algae wafers to ensure a balanced diet.

Feeding should be monitored to ensure the urchin receives adequate nutrition, especially in tanks with low natural algae growth. Regular feeding of algae-based foods can help maintain its health and vibrant coloration.

Behavior and Compatibility

Imperial Sea Urchins are generally peaceful and can be kept with a wide variety of marine species, including fish and invertebrates. However, their spines can pose a danger to smaller, delicate tank inhabitants, so caution is advised when selecting tank mates.

These urchins are not aggressive and spend most of their time grazing on algae. They are nocturnal creatures, often seen moving around the tank after lights out. Their slow and deliberate movements make them fascinating to observe.

Health and Common Issues

The Imperial Sea Urchin is a hardy species with a lifespan that can extend several years in captivity with proper care. Regular observation is key to detecting any signs of stress or disease, such as discolored spines or unusual behavior.

Selecting a healthy specimen involves choosing an urchin with intact spines and an active demeanor. Avoid individuals with broken or missing spines, as this can indicate poor health or stress.

Maintaining stable water conditions and a balanced diet are essential for preventing common health issues. Calcium and alkalinity levels should be closely monitored to support healthy spine and shell development.

Habitat

Naturally found in the warm waters of the Indo-Pacific, the Imperial Sea Urchin inhabits coral reefs and rocky substrates where it can graze on algae. Its distribution includes regions such as the Great Barrier Reef, parts of Southeast Asia, and the Indian Ocean.

In the aquarium, replicating its natural habitat with plenty of live rock and stable water conditions will help ensure its well-being. Providing a variety of surfaces for grazing will encourage natural behaviors and help maintain its health.