Common name: Colonial Tunicate

General information

The Colonial Tunicate, Trididemnum solidum, is a sessile invertebrate commonly found in tropical reef environments. This species is part of the Ascidiacea class, which are more commonly known as sea squirts. They are characterized by their encrusting growth form and can vary in color from purple to yellow, often with a leathery or velvet-like texture. As filter feeders, they play a significant role in water column nutrient cycling.

Care

Trididemnum solidum is not a common species in the aquarium trade, but for advanced hobbyists interested in cultivating a diverse invertebrate community, they can be an intriguing addition. They require stable water conditions with strong water movement and excellent water quality to thrive. They feed by filtering suspended particles from the water, so supplemental feeding with phytoplankton or fine particulate foods may be necessary.

Reproduction

Colonial Tunicates reproduce both sexually and asexually. In the aquarium, they may spread by budding, where new individuals grow from the parent colony. Sexual reproduction involves the release of sperm and eggs into the water column, where fertilization occurs. The resulting larvae are free-swimming before settling and forming new colonies.

Habitat

Trididemnum solidum is typically found in shallow waters of coral reefs, often in areas with strong currents which aid in their filter-feeding behavior. They are widespread across the Caribbean and can be found on the underside of ledges or in crevices, where they form extensive mats over the substrate.