Common name: Razorfish

Scientific name: Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus, 1758)
Rason sur fond sableux sous marinRazor fish - Xyrichtys novacula from Cyprus
Pez pejepeine en el fondo del marPearly razorfish or cleaver wrasse (Xyrichtys novacula) undersea, Aegean Sea, Greece, Halkidiki

General information

The Pearly Razorfish, scientifically known as Xyrichtys novacula, is a distinctive species within the wrasse family. It is well-known for its unique ability to rapidly bury itself in the sand when threatened, a behavior that fascinates many aquarists. This species exhibits sexual dimorphism, with males typically displaying brighter colors and more pronounced patterning than females.

Details

Recommended minimum volume
300 liter (79 gallons)
Salinity
S.G. 1.020 to 1.025
Temperature
22 to 26 °C (72 to 79 °F)
Acidity
pH 8.1 to 8.4
Average size
22 cm (9″)
Care level
Moderate to difficult
Diet
Carnivore
Social
Solo
Reefsafe
No May nip at small inverts, clams
Aggression
Semi aggresive Can be territorial
Captive bred
No
Conservation status
ExtinctThreatenedLeastConcern

Taxonomy

  1. Kingdom
    Animals
    Animalia
  2. Phylum
    Chordates
    Chordata
  3. Class
    Ray-finned Fishes
    Actinopterygii
  4. Order
    Perch-like Fishes
    Perciformes
  5. Family
    Wrasses
    Labridae
  6. Genus
    Razorfish
    Xyrichtys
  7. Species
    Razorfish
    Xyrichtys novacula (Linnaeus, 1758)
  8. Synonyms
    Amorphocephalus granulatus Bowdich, 1825
    Coryphaena lineata Gmelin, 1789
    Coryphaena lineolata Rafinesque, 1810
    Coryphaena novacula Linnaeus, 1758
    Coryphaena psittacus Linnaeus, 1766
    Hemipteronotus copei Fowler, 1900
    Hemipteronotus novacula (Linnaeus, 1758)
    Hemipteronotus psittacus (Linnaeus, 1766)
    Hemipteronotus rosipes (Jordan & Gilbert, 1884)
    Novacula coryphaena Risso, 1827
    Novacula coryphaenoides Schinz, 1822
    Novacula coryphena Risso, 1827
    Novacula cultrata (Valenciennes, 1840)
    Novacula lineata (Gmelin, 1789)
    Novacula lineolata (Rafinesque, 1810)
    Novacula novacula (Linnaeus, 1758)
    Xyrichthyes novacula (Linnaeus, 1758)
    Xyrichthys argentimaculata Steindachner, 1861
    Xyrichthys binghami Mowbray, 1925
    Xyrichthys cultratus Valenciennes, 1840

Care

Pearly Razorfish are active swimmers and require an aquarium with a thick sand bed to mimic their natural habitat. They are generally peaceful but can be territorial towards their own kind or similar-looking fish. A varied diet of meaty foods, including frozen mysis shrimp, brine shrimp, and finely chopped seafood, will help maintain their health and coloration.

Reproduction

In the wild, Pearly Razorfish are known to form harems consisting of one male and several females. Breeding in captivity is rare, but environmental stability and a well-structured social group can encourage spawning behavior. Eggs are released into the water column and develop into planktonic larvae.

Habitat

Xyrichtys novacula is found in the Mediterranean Sea, the eastern Atlantic Ocean from France to South Africa, and in the waters around the Azores, Madeira, and the Canary Islands. They inhabit sandy areas adjacent to reefs and seagrass beds, often at depths ranging from shallow waters to about 60 meters.