Common name: Gem Tang

General Information

The Gem Tang, scientifically known as Zebrasoma gemmatum, is a striking and highly sought-after species in the aquarium trade. Known for its beautiful black body speckled with white spots, this tang is a true gem of the Indian Ocean. Its unique appearance and rarity make it a prized addition to any saltwater aquarium, though it comes with a hefty price tag due to its limited availability.

Native to the waters around Madagascar and Mauritius, the Gem Tang is a rare find in the wild, contributing to its allure among hobbyists. This species is particularly popular among advanced aquarists who appreciate its beauty and are willing to meet its specific care requirements.

Care

Caring for a Gem Tang requires a well-established aquarium with plenty of swimming space and hiding spots. These fish are best suited for larger tanks due to their active nature and potential size. A tank size of at least 500 liters (130 gallons) is recommended to accommodate their need for space and to maintain stable water conditions.

The tank should be aquascaped with live rock to provide both grazing surfaces and shelter. Gem Tangs are known to be territorial, so providing ample hiding places can help reduce aggression towards tank mates.

Diet and Feeding

Gem Tangs are primarily herbivores, with a diet consisting mainly of algae. In captivity, they should be offered a variety of marine-based algae, such as nori, along with high-quality herbivore pellets and flakes. Supplementing their diet with occasional meaty foods like mysis shrimp can provide additional nutrition.

Feed them several times a day in small amounts to mimic their natural grazing behavior. Ensuring a varied diet rich in vitamins will help maintain their vibrant coloration and overall health.

Behavior and Compatibility

Gem Tangs are semi-aggressive, particularly towards other tangs or fish with similar body shapes. They can be territorial, especially in smaller tanks, so it is important to consider their tank mates carefully. Ideally, they should be the only tang in the aquarium unless housed in a very large setup.

They are generally peaceful towards other types of fish and can coexist with a variety of reef-safe species. However, caution is advised when introducing new fish, as Gem Tangs may exhibit aggression towards newcomers.

Health and Common Issues

Gem Tangs can live up to 10 years in captivity with proper care. They are generally hardy but can be susceptible to common marine diseases such as ich. Maintaining high water quality and a stress-free environment is essential to their health.

When selecting a Gem Tang, look for active individuals with clear eyes and vibrant coloration. Avoid fish with visible signs of stress or disease, such as clamped fins or erratic swimming.

Regular water changes and a balanced diet are key to preventing health issues. Quarantining new additions and monitoring for signs of illness can help protect your investment in this valuable species.

Habitat

The Gem Tang is native to the coral reefs of the Indian Ocean, particularly around the islands of Madagascar and Mauritius. They thrive in warm, clear waters with abundant coral and algae growth, which provide both food and shelter.

In captivity, replicating these conditions with stable water parameters and plenty of live rock is crucial to their well-being. Providing a naturalistic environment will help reduce stress and encourage natural behaviors.