Common name: Ocean Surgeonfish

General Information

The Ocean Surgeonfish, scientifically known as Acanthurus bahianus, is a captivating species often sought after by marine aquarists. Known for its sleek blue-gray body and distinctive scalpel-like spine on either side of its tail, this fish is a staple in many reef aquariums. Its name, "surgeonfish," is derived from these sharp spines, which resemble a surgeon's scalpel and are used for defense.

In the aquarium trade, the Ocean Surgeonfish is appreciated not only for its beauty but also for its role as an algae grazer, helping to maintain the balance of the tank's ecosystem. However, potential owners should be aware of its active swimming habits and need for ample space, as well as its requirement for stable water conditions.

Care

Ocean Surgeonfish are moderately easy to care for, provided their environmental needs are met. They require a spacious tank with plenty of swimming room and live rock for grazing. A tank size of at least 300 liters is recommended to accommodate their active nature. Ensuring stable water conditions with proper filtration and regular maintenance is crucial for their health.

To mimic their natural reef environment, include live rock and offer a varied landscape. These fish enjoy exploring and will benefit from a well-structured habitat with plenty of hiding spots and grazing areas.

Diet and Feeding

In the wild, Ocean Surgeonfish primarily feed on algae. In captivity, they should be provided with a diet rich in marine-based algae and supplemented with other plant-based foods such as spirulina and seaweed sheets. Occasional offerings of meaty foods like mysis shrimp can be given but should not dominate their diet.

Feed them several small meals a day to replicate their natural grazing behavior. This helps prevent overeating and maintains water quality.

Behavior and Compatibility

Ocean Surgeonfish are generally peaceful but can become territorial, especially in smaller tanks or when housed with similar species. They are best kept with other non-aggressive tank mates.

They exhibit interesting social behaviors and are often seen swimming in schools in the wild. In captivity, they can be kept solo or in groups, provided the tank is large enough to support multiple individuals.

Health and Common Issues

Ocean Surgeonfish can live up to 10 years if properly cared for. They are susceptible to common marine diseases like ich and velvet, so maintaining optimal water quality and a stress-free environment is crucial.

When selecting a specimen, look for active fish with clear eyes and smooth, unblemished skin. Avoid fish that appear lethargic or have visible signs of illness.

Routine care includes regular water changes, monitoring for signs of stress or disease, and maintaining a balanced diet to support their immune system.

Habitat

The Ocean Surgeonfish is native to the western Atlantic Ocean, from Massachusetts to Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. They are commonly found in coral reefs and rocky areas, often at depths of 2 to 40 meters.

These fish prefer warm, tropical waters with plenty of algae-covered surfaces for grazing. Replicating these conditions in captivity will help them thrive.