Common name: Surgeonfish

Acanthurus is a genus of fish commonly known as surgeonfish or tangs, renowned for their vibrant colors and the distinctive scalpel-like spines on either side of their tail base, which are used for defense. These fish are popular in the reefkeeping hobby for their algae-grazing habits, helping to control algae growth in aquariums. They are generally peaceful but can be territorial. Acanthurus species require ample swimming space and a diet rich in marine algae and vegetable matter.

1. 
   Common name: Achilles Tang

   Scientific name: Acanthurus achilles
2. 
   Common name: Whitefin Surgeonfish

   Scientific name: Acanthurus albipectoralis
3. 
   Common name: Ocean Surgeonfish

   Scientific name: Acanthurus bahianus
4. 
   Common name: Black-spot Surgeonfish

   Scientific name: Acanthurus bariene
5. 
   Common name: Ringtail Surgeonfish

   Scientific name: Acanthurus blochii
6. 
   Common name: Doctorfish

   Scientific name: Acanthurus chirurgus
7. 
   Common name: Blue Tang

   Scientific name: Acanthurus coeruleus
8. 
   Common name: Eyestripe Surgeonfish

   Scientific name: Acanthurus dussumieri
9. 
   Common name: Fowler's Surgeonfish

   Scientific name: Acanthurus fowleri
10. 
    Common name: Black Surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus gahhm
11. 
    Common name: Whitespotted Surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus guttatus
12. 
    Common name: Powder Brown Tang

    Scientific name: Acanthurus japonicus
13. Common name: Pale-lipped Surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus leucocheilus
14. Common name: Whitebar Surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus leucopareius
15. 
    Common name: Powder Blue Tang

    Scientific name: Acanthurus leucosternon
16. 
    Common name: Lined Surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus lineatus
17. 
    Common name: Spotted-face Surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus maculiceps
18. 
    Common name: Elongate Surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus mata
19. Common name: Monrovia Surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus monroviae
20. 
    Common name: Whitecheek Surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus nigricans
21. 
    Common name: Epaulette Surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus nigricauda
22. 
    Common name: Brown Surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus nigrofuscus
23. Common name: Bluelined Surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus nigroris
24. Common name: Bluelined Surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus nubilus
25. 
    Common name: Orange Shoulder Tang

    Scientific name: Acanthurus olivaceus
26. 
    Common name: Black-barred Surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus polyzona
27. 
    Common name: Chocolate Tang

    Scientific name: Acanthurus pyroferus
28. 
    Common name: Sohal Tang

    Scientific name: Acanthurus sohal
29. 
    Common name: Doubleband Surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus tennentii
30. 
    Common name: Thompson's Surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus thompsoni
31. 
    Common name: Convict Tang

    Scientific name: Acanthurus triostegus
32. 
    Common name: Indian Ocean Mimic Surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus tristis
33. 
    Common name: Yellowfin Surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus xanthopterus