Common name: Surgeonfish

Acanthurus is a genus of fish commonly known as surgeonfish or tangs, renowned for their vibrant colors and the distinctive scalpel-like spines on either side of their tail base, which are used for defense. These fish are popular in the reefkeeping hobby for their algae-grazing habits, helping to control algae growth in aquariums. They are generally peaceful but can be territorial. Acanthurus species require ample swimming space and a diet rich in marine algae and vegetable matter.

1. 
   Common name: Achilles tang

   Scientific name: Acanthurus achilles
2. 
   Common name: Whitefin surgeonfish

   Scientific name: Acanthurus albipectoralis
3. 
   Common name: ocean surgeon

   Scientific name: Acanthurus bahianus
4. 
   Common name: Black-spot surgeonfish

   Scientific name: Acanthurus bariene
5. 
   Common name: tailring surgeon

   Scientific name: Acanthurus blochii
6. 
   Common name: Streifen-Doktor

   Scientific name: Acanthurus chirurgus
7. 
   Common name: Blue tang

   Scientific name: Acanthurus coeruleus
8. 
   Common name: Eyestripe surgeonfish

   Scientific name: Acanthurus dussumieri
9. 
   Common name: Fowler's surgeonfish

   Scientific name: Acanthurus fowleri
10. 
    Common name: surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus gahhm
11. 
    Common name: Whitespotted surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus guttatus
12. 
    Common name: Japan surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus japonicus
13. Common name: Palelipped surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus leucocheilus
14. 
    Common name: Whitebar surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus leucopareius
15. 
    Common name: Powder blue tang

    Scientific name: Acanthurus leucosternon
16. 
    Common name: Bluelined surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus lineatus
17. Common name: White-freckled surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus maculiceps
18. 
    Common name: Elongate surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus mata
19. Common name: Monrovia doctorfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus monroviae
20. 
    Common name: Bit

    Scientific name: Acanthurus nigricans
21. 
    Common name: Epaulette surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus nigricauda
22. 
    Common name: Brown surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus nigrofuscus
23. 
    Common name: Bbuelined surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus nigroris
24. 
    Common name: Bluelined surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus nubilus
25. 
    Common name: Orange Shoulder Tang

    Scientific name: Acanthurus olivaceus
26. Common name: Black-barred surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus polyzona
27. 
    Common name: Chocolate surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus pyroferus
28. 
    Common name: Sohal surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus sohal
29. 
    Common name: Doubleband surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus tennentii
30. 
    Common name: Chocolate surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus thompsoni
31. 
    Common name: convict tang

    Scientific name: Acanthurus triostegus
32. 
    Common name: surgeonfishes

    Scientific name: Acanthurus tristis
33. 
    Common name: Yellowfin surgeonfish

    Scientific name: Acanthurus xanthopterus