Common name: Black-spot Surgeonfish

General Information

The Black-spot Surgeonfish, scientifically known as Acanthurus bariene, is a striking species known for its unique coloration and distinctive black spot located behind the eye. This fish is a member of the Acanthuridae family, which includes other surgeonfish, tangs, and unicornfish. The Black-spot Surgeonfish is a popular choice among advanced aquarists due to its stunning appearance and active nature.

In the wild, this species is found in the Indo-Pacific region, including areas like the Great Barrier Reef, Indonesia, and the Philippines. It plays a crucial role in the ecosystem by grazing on algae, helping to maintain the health of coral reefs. However, due to its size and specific care requirements, it is not as commonly found in home aquariums as some other tang species.

Care

Caring for the Black-spot Surgeonfish requires a large, well-maintained aquarium with plenty of swimming space. They are best housed in tanks that are at least 500 liters, with ample live rock to provide grazing opportunities and hiding spots. These fish are known for their active swimming behavior and require stable water conditions to thrive.

To mimic their natural environment, aquarists should aim to provide a reef-like setting with a variety of rock formations and open spaces. This setup not only meets their physical needs but also helps reduce stress and encourages natural behaviors.

Diet and Feeding

In their natural habitat, Black-spot Surgeonfish are primarily herbivores, feeding on algae and detritus. In captivity, they should be offered a diet rich in marine-based algae, such as nori or spirulina, supplemented with high-quality herbivore pellets. Occasional treats of mysis shrimp or brine shrimp can add variety to their diet.

Feeding should occur multiple times a day in small portions to ensure they receive adequate nutrition and to mimic their constant grazing behavior in the wild.

Behavior and Compatibility

Black-spot Surgeonfish are known for their semi-aggressive temperament, particularly towards other surgeonfish or tangs. They establish a pecking order in the tank and may exhibit territorial behaviors, especially in confined spaces.

Despite their potential for aggression, they can coexist peacefully with a variety of other marine species, provided they have enough space. It's advisable to introduce them last to the aquarium to minimize territorial disputes.

Health and Common Issues

With proper care, Black-spot Surgeonfish can live up to 8-10 years in captivity. It's important to maintain excellent water quality and provide a balanced diet to prevent common health issues such as lateral line erosion and marine ich.

Regular water changes and monitoring for signs of stress or illness are crucial. Quarantining new additions to the tank can help prevent the introduction of diseases.

Habitat

In the wild, the Black-spot Surgeonfish inhabits coral reefs and rocky areas where algae are abundant. They prefer clear, warm waters with moderate to strong currents, which help bring food particles and oxygenate the water.

Their natural geographic range includes the Indo-Pacific, from the eastern coast of Africa to the central Pacific, highlighting their adaptability to various reef environments.