Common name: Spotted-face Surgeonfish

General Information

The Spotted-face Surgeonfish, scientifically known as Acanthurus maculiceps, is a striking addition to any marine aquarium. Recognized for its unique spotted pattern and vibrant coloration, this species is a favorite among saltwater enthusiasts. Originating from the Indo-Pacific region, the Spotted-face Surgeonfish has adapted well to captivity, though it requires specific care to thrive.

Surgeonfish are named for the scalpel-like spines located on either side of their tails, which they use for defense. This feature makes them fascinating yet potentially challenging tankmates. The Acanthurus maculiceps is appreciated not just for its beauty but also for its role in controlling algae growth, making it a beneficial addition to a well-maintained reef aquarium.

Care

Caring for a Spotted-face Surgeonfish requires attention to detail, as they are sensitive to water quality and tank conditions. They thrive in large aquariums with plenty of swimming space and live rock to graze on. As a species that can grow quite large, they need ample room to move freely and explore.

A well-balanced diet is crucial for maintaining their vibrant colors and overall health. They should be fed a variety of foods, including marine-based algae, spirulina, and vegetable matter, supplemented with meaty foods like mysis shrimp.

Diet and Feeding

Spotted-face Surgeonfish are primarily herbivores, with a natural diet consisting of algae and other plant materials. In captivity, they should be provided with a diet rich in marine algae and supplemented with high-quality flake or pellet foods designed for herbivorous fish. Offering nori or other seaweed sheets can also help meet their dietary needs.

Regular feeding, at least twice daily, ensures they receive the necessary nutrients to maintain their health and coloration. It's important to monitor their food intake and adjust portions to prevent overfeeding, which can lead to poor water quality.

Behavior and Compatibility

The Spotted-face Surgeonfish is generally peaceful but can exhibit territorial behavior, especially in smaller tanks or when housed with similar species. They are best kept with other non-aggressive fish and should be introduced to the tank last to minimize territorial disputes.

Their temperament allows them to coexist with a variety of reef-safe species, though caution should be taken when introducing other tangs or surgeonfish.

Health and Common Issues

Spotted-face Surgeonfish are susceptible to common marine diseases such as ich and marine velvet, particularly when stressed or kept in suboptimal conditions. Ensuring stable water quality, a balanced diet, and proper tank maintenance can help prevent these issues.

Regular observation and prompt treatment of any signs of illness are crucial for maintaining their health. Quarantining new arrivals before introducing them to the main tank is a recommended practice to avoid the spread of diseases.

Habitat

In the wild, Acanthurus maculiceps inhabits coral reefs and rocky areas of the Indo-Pacific, where they graze on algae. They are typically found in areas with plenty of live rock and coral, which provide both food and shelter.

Replicating these conditions in a home aquarium involves providing a spacious tank with plenty of live rock for grazing and hiding. Maintaining stable water parameters and moderate water flow will help mimic their natural environment and support their well-being.