Common name: Brown Surgeonfish
General Information
The Brown Surgeonfish, scientifically known as Acanthurus nigrofuscus, is a popular choice among aquarium enthusiasts due to its distinctive appearance and active nature. This species is characterized by its brownish body adorned with subtle purple and yellow accents, and noticeable spots on the cheek, which earns it the nickname "Spot-Cheeked Surgeonfish." Its unique scalpel-like spine near the tail is a defining feature of surgeonfish, used for defense against predators.
In the aquarium trade, the Brown Surgeonfish is appreciated for its algae-eating habits, making it a beneficial addition to reef tanks where algae control is desired. Its role in maintaining the ecological balance of a tank cannot be overstated, as it helps prevent algae overgrowth that can be detrimental to corals and other marine life.
Details
- Estimated price
- Affordable
- Recommended minimum tank volume
- 300 liter (79 gallons)
- Salinity
- S.G. 1.020 to 1.025
- Temperature
- 24 to 28 °C (75 to 82 °F)
- Acidity
- pH 8 to 8.5
- Average size
- 20 cm (8″)
- Care level
- Moderate to easy Requires a spacious tank with stable conditions
- Diet
- Herbivore Primarily feeds on marine algae and spirulina-based foods
- Social
- Solo May be territorial towards other surgeonfish
- Reefsafe
- Yes
- Aggression
- Peaceful Generally peaceful but can be territorial with similar species
- Captive bred
- No
- Conservation statusSource: IUCN Red List
Taxonomy
- KingdomAnimalsAnimalia
- PhylumChordatesChordata
- ClassRay-finned FishesActinopterygii
- OrderPerch-like FishesPerciformes
- FamilySurgeonfishAcanthuridae
- GenusSurgeonfishAcanthurus
- SpeciesBrown SurgeonfishAcanthurus nigrofuscus (Forsskål, 1775)
- SynonymsAcanthurus matoides Valenciennes, 1835Acanthurus rubropunctatus Rüppell, 1829Acronurus lineolatus Klunzinger, 1871Chaetodon nigrofuscus Forsskål, 1775Ctenodon rubropunctatus (Rüppell, 1829)Hepatus lucillae Fowler, 1938Teuthis lucillae (Fowler, 1938)
- Source: GBIF | Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Care
Caring for the Brown Surgeonfish requires a well-established aquarium with plenty of swimming space and live rock for grazing. This species thrives in environments that mimic its natural habitat, with stable water conditions and ample hiding spots. A tank of at least 300 liters (80 gallons) is recommended to accommodate its active swimming behavior.
Diet and Feeding
The Brown Surgeonfish is primarily herbivorous, feeding on various types of algae. In captivity, its diet should consist of marine algae, spirulina-based foods, and vegetable matter such as blanched spinach or lettuce. Occasional supplementation with meaty foods like mysis shrimp can be beneficial.
Feed this species several times a day to ensure it receives adequate nutrition, as its high metabolism requires frequent feeding. Providing a varied diet helps maintain its vibrant coloration and overall health.
Behavior and Compatibility
Known for its peaceful demeanor, the Brown Surgeonfish is generally compatible with a wide range of tank mates. However, it may exhibit territorial behavior towards other surgeonfish, especially in smaller tanks. Providing ample space can minimize aggression and ensure harmony in a community setting.
Health and Common Issues
With proper care, the Brown Surgeonfish can live for several years in captivity. It is crucial to maintain pristine water conditions and a balanced diet to prevent common health issues such as marine ich or lateral line disease. Regular monitoring and quarantine of new additions can help prevent the spread of diseases.
Habitat
Acanthurus nigrofuscus is native to the Indo-Pacific region, inhabiting coral reefs and lagoons. It is commonly found in areas with abundant algal growth, which forms the basis of its diet. This species thrives in warm, well-oxygenated waters with moderate currents, reflecting its natural reef environment.