Common name: Steephead parrotfish

Scientific name: Chlorurus gibbus (Rüppell, 1829)
Red Sea Steephead Parrotfish (Chlorurus gibbus) Red Sea steephead parrotfish Chlorurus gibbus
Heavybeak parrotfish (Chlorurus gibbus) in Red Sea

General information

The Steephead Parrotfish, scientifically known as Chlorurus gibbus, is a vibrant and intriguing species popular among aquarists for its striking colors and unique beak-like mouthparts. These fish are known for their role in maintaining the health of coral reefs by grazing on algae and dead coral, which helps to prevent algal overgrowth and promotes coral growth.

Adults can be identified by their steep forehead profile, which gives the species its common name. They exhibit sexual dimorphism, with males typically displaying more vivid coloration and larger sizes than females.

Details

Recommended minimum tank volume
500 liter (130 gallons)
Salinity
S.G. 1.020 to 1.025
Temperature
22 to 28 °C (72 to 82 °F)
Acidity
pH 8.1 to 8.4
Average size
75 cm (2′6″)
Care level
Moderate to easy
Diet
Herbivore
Social
Solo
Reefsafe
Yes
Aggression
Semi aggresive
Captive bred
No

Taxonomy

  1. Kingdom
    Animals
    Animalia
  2. Phylum
    Chordates
    Chordata
  3. Class
    Ray-finned Fishes
    Actinopterygii
  4. Order
    Perch-like Fishes
    Perciformes
  5. Family
    Parrotfish
    Scaridae
  6. Genus
    Parrotfish
    Chlorurus
  7. Species
    Steephead parrotfish
    Chlorurus gibbus (Rüppell, 1829)
  8. Synonyms
    Chlorurus gibbosus (Rüppell, 1829)
    Scarus gibbus Rüppell, 1829

Care

Chlorurus gibbus requires a large aquarium with plenty of swimming space and a robust filtration system to handle their significant bioload. They are not suitable for small or medium-sized tanks. These fish are herbivores and need a diet rich in marine algae and vegetable matter to thrive.

Due to their size and feeding habits, they are best kept by experienced aquarists who can provide the appropriate environment and diet. They may not be compatible with small, delicate invertebrates or corals, as they can inadvertently damage them while grazing.

Reproduction

In the wild, Steephead Parrotfish are known for their complex reproductive behaviors, including the formation of spawning aggregations. They are protogynous hermaphrodites, starting life as females and potentially changing to males as they mature. Reproduction in the home aquarium is rare and challenging due to their large size and specific spawning requirements.

Habitat

Chlorurus gibbus is found in the Indo-Pacific region, from the Red Sea and East Africa to the central Pacific. They are commonly seen in lagoons and on outer reef slopes, often in areas with robust coral growth. These fish are typically found at depths ranging from shallow waters to about 30 meters.

Their natural habitat includes a variety of reef structures, which they use for both feeding and protection. In the aquarium, providing a similar environment with live rock formations and ample hiding places is essential for their well-being.