Common name: leather bass

General information

The Panamic Sergeant Major, scientifically known as Dermatolepis dermatolepis, is a striking fish species that belongs to the family Pomacentridae, commonly referred to as damselfishes. This species is recognized by its deep body, large scales, and the five vertical black bars on its silver to yellowish body, which are more prominent in males, especially during spawning. The Panamic Sergeant Major can be distinguished from other sergeant majors by its larger size and the dark spot on its pectoral fin base.

Care

Panamic Sergeant Majors are robust and can adapt to a variety of aquarium conditions. They require a tank with plenty of swimming space and rockwork or coral formations for shelter. These fish are omnivorous and will accept a wide range of foods, including frozen and flake foods, but a diet with a good amount of algae and marine-based nutrients will promote better coloration and health.

Reproduction

In the wild, Panamic Sergeant Majors are known to spawn on substrates located in shallow waters. The males prepare and guard the nesting sites, and after the females lay their eggs, the males continue to protect the eggs until they hatch. In the aquarium, breeding these fish can be challenging, but providing the right environment and diet can encourage spawning behavior.

Habitat

The natural habitat of the Panamic Sergeant Major includes rocky reefs and coastal lagoons in the Eastern Pacific, from the Gulf of California to Peru, including the Galapagos Islands. They are typically found at depths ranging from the intertidal zone to about 12 meters. In the aquarium, replicating their natural environment with a mix of open swimming areas and hiding places can help these fish thrive.