Common name: Goldblotch Grouper
General Information
The Goldblotch Grouper, scientifically known as Epinephelus costae, is a captivating species prized by both aquarium enthusiasts and anglers. This fish is characterized by its robust body, adorned with a golden-yellow blotch on its flanks, which gives it its common name. Native to the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, this grouper has become a sought-after species due to its striking appearance and significant size.
In the aquarium trade, the Goldblotch Grouper is appreciated for its unique coloration and the challenge it presents to experienced hobbyists. However, it is important to note that this species is not suitable for small home aquariums due to its potential size and specific care requirements.
Details
- Estimated price
- Expensive
- Recommended minimum volume
- 500 liter (130 gallons)
- Salinity
- S.G. 1.022 to 1.026
- Temperature
- 22 to 26 °C (72 to 79 °F)
- Acidity
- pH 8 to 8.5
- Average size
- 1 m (3′3″)
- Care level
- Difficult
- Diet
- Carnivore Prefers meaty foods like shrimp and fish fillets
- Social
- Solo Best kept alone due to territorial nature
- Reefsafe
- No
- Aggression
- Semi aggresive Territorial and may prey on smaller fish and invertebrates
- Captive bred
- No
Taxonomy
- KingdomAnimalsAnimalia
- PhylumChordatesChordata
- ClassRay-finned FishesActinopterygii
- OrderPerch-like FishesPerciformes
- FamilyGroupersSerranidae
- GenusGrouperEpinephelus
- SpeciesGoldblotch GrouperEpinephelus costae (Steindachner, 1878)
- SynonymsCerna catalonica Gibert, 1913Cerna chrysotaenia Döderlein, 1882Epinephelus chrysotaenia (Döderlein, 1882)Epinephelus zaslavskii Poll, 1949Mycteroperca costae (Steindachner, 1878)Serranus chrysotaenia (Döderlein, 1882)Serranus costae Steindachner, 1878
- Source: GBIF | Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Care
Caring for a Goldblotch Grouper requires a large, well-filtered aquarium that mimics its natural rocky reef habitat. These fish prefer environments with plenty of hiding spots and open swimming areas. They are best kept by experienced aquarists who can provide stable water conditions and a varied diet.
Due to their size and territorial nature, it's crucial to ensure that the tank is spacious enough to accommodate their growth and allow for peaceful coexistence with other species.
Diet and Feeding
Goldblotch Groupers are carnivorous, feeding on a diet primarily composed of fish and crustaceans in the wild. In captivity, they should be offered a variety of meaty foods such as shrimp, squid, and fish fillets. It's important to provide a balanced diet to maintain their health and vibrant coloration.
Feeding should be done once or twice a day, with portions adjusted based on the grouper's size and activity level. Overfeeding should be avoided to maintain water quality and prevent obesity.
Behavior and Compatibility
Goldblotch Groupers are known for their semi-aggressive temperament, particularly towards smaller fish that they might view as prey. They are best kept with other large, robust fish that can hold their own. Care should be taken when introducing new tank mates, as these groupers can be territorial.
Their solitary nature means they do not require companionship and are often best kept alone or with a few compatible species to reduce stress and aggression.
Health and Common Issues
In captivity, Goldblotch Groupers can live for several years if provided with proper care. Key to their health is maintaining clean water conditions, a balanced diet, and monitoring for signs of stress or illness.
Common health issues include parasitic infections and stress-related diseases, often due to poor water quality or inadequate tank conditions. Regular health checks and a stable environment are essential to prevent these problems.
Habitat
The natural habitat of the Goldblotch Grouper includes rocky reefs and coastal areas with plenty of crevices and overhangs. They are typically found at depths ranging from 10 to 200 meters. Their range includes the eastern Atlantic, from Portugal to Angola, and throughout the Mediterranean Sea.
To replicate their natural environment in captivity, aquarists should provide an aquarium with plenty of live rock, caves, and hiding spots to satisfy their need for shelter and territory.