Common name: Masked Grouper
General Information
The Masked Grouper, scientifically known as Gracila albomarginata, is a striking and somewhat elusive species in the aquarium trade. Its common name, "Masked Grouper," is derived from the distinctive dark band that runs across its eyes, resembling a mask.
Native to the Indo-Pacific region, the Masked Grouper inhabits coral reefs and rocky outcrops, often found at depths ranging from 10 to 100 meters. Its natural habitat and predatory nature make it a fascinating addition to large, species-specific aquariums. However, its size and dietary needs mean it is best suited for experienced aquarists with ample space and resources.
Details
- Estimated price
- Expensive Rarely available, price reflects size and sourcing challenges
- Recommended minimum volume
- 500 liter (130 gallons)
- Salinity
- S.G. 1.023 to 1.026
- Temperature
- 24 to 28 °C (75 to 82 °F)
- Acidity
- pH 8 to 8.5
- Average size
- 60 cm (2′)
- Care level
- Difficult Requires large tank and careful attention to diet
- Diet
- Carnivore Prefers meaty foods like shrimp, squid, and fish fillets
- Social
- Solo Territorial and best kept alone or with large, robust tank mates
- Reefsafe
- No Preys on ornamental fish and invertebrates
- Aggression
- Semi aggresive Territorial and may prey on smaller tank mates
- Captive bred
- No
Taxonomy
- KingdomAnimalsAnimalia
- PhylumChordatesChordata
- ClassRay-finned FishesActinopterygii
- OrderPerch-like FishesPerciformes
- FamilyGroupersSerranidae
- GenusGracilariaGracila
- SpeciesMasked GrouperGracila albomarginata (Fowler & Bean, 1930)
- SynonymsAethaloperca albomarginata (Fowler & Bean, 1930)Aetheloperca albomarginata (Fowler & Bean, 1930)Cephalopholis albomarginatus Fowler & Bean, 1930Gracilia albomarginata (Fowler & Bean, 1930)
- Source: GBIF | Global Biodiversity Information Facility
Care
Caring for the Masked Grouper requires a spacious aquarium with plenty of hiding spots, such as caves and overhangs, to mimic its natural reef environment. This species thrives in stable water conditions with moderate to strong water flow. Due to its size and predatory nature, it is not suitable for small tanks or community setups with smaller fish or invertebrates.
A well-maintained tank with robust filtration is essential to handle the bioload of this carnivorous fish. Regular water changes and monitoring of water parameters are crucial to ensure its health and longevity.
Diet and Feeding
The Masked Grouper is a carnivore with a voracious appetite. In the wild, it preys on smaller fish and crustaceans. In captivity, it should be fed a diet of high-quality meaty foods, such as shrimp, squid, and fish fillets. Frozen or live foods are preferred to stimulate its natural hunting instincts.
Feed the Masked Grouper once or twice daily, ensuring that the portions are appropriate for its size. Overfeeding can lead to water quality issues, so it is important to monitor its intake and adjust feeding schedules as needed.
Behavior and Compatibility
The Masked Grouper is a solitary and territorial species. It is best kept alone or with other large, robust fish that can tolerate its semi-aggressive temperament. Smaller tank mates are at risk of being eaten, so compatibility should be carefully considered.
This species is not reef-safe, as it may prey on ornamental fish and invertebrates. It is better suited for fish-only or predator-specific aquariums.
Reproduction
Little is known about the breeding habits of the Masked Grouper in captivity. In the wild, groupers are known to form spawning aggregations, and many species are protogynous hermaphrodites, meaning they can change sex from female to male. Breeding this species in an aquarium setting is extremely challenging and has not been widely documented.
Health and Common Issues
The Masked Grouper is a hardy species when provided with proper care. However, it can be susceptible to common marine diseases such as ich and bacterial infections, especially if water quality is neglected. Quarantining new additions and maintaining optimal water conditions are key to preventing health issues.
When selecting a Masked Grouper, look for individuals with clear eyes, intact fins, and active behavior. Avoid fish that appear lethargic or show signs of disease.
Habitat
The Masked Grouper is naturally found in the Indo-Pacific region, including areas such as the Red Sea, East Africa, and the western Pacific Ocean. It prefers coral reefs and rocky environments with plenty of hiding spots. In captivity, replicating these conditions with live rock and artificial caves can help reduce stress and encourage natural behaviors.