Common name: Smooth bum coral

General information

The Walking Dendro Coral, scientifically known as Heteropsammia cochlea, is a fascinating species of coral that exhibits a unique behavior not commonly seen in other corals. This species is a solitary, free-living scleractinian coral that is often found in sandy substrates in the wild. It is known for its symbiotic relationship with a burrowing bivalve, which allows the coral to move across the substrate, earning it the nickname 'Walking Dendro'.

The coral has a rounded, cone-shaped skeleton with a central depression where the polyp resides. The polyp can extend its tentacles to feed, and when retracted, it gives the coral a smooth, dome-like appearance. The coloration of H. cochlea can vary, but it often displays hues of brown, green, or cream.

Care

In the aquarium, Walking Dendro Corals require a specialized care regimen due to their unique lifestyle. They thrive in tanks with a sandy bottom where they can mimic their natural behavior of moving with the help of their bivalve partner. Moderate lighting and water flow are recommended to provide an environment similar to their natural habitat.

Feeding is crucial for the health of H. cochlea, as they do not rely solely on photosynthesis. Targeted feeding with small meaty foods such as mysis shrimp, finely chopped seafood, or specialized coral foods is necessary to ensure proper nutrition.

Reproduction

Reproduction in Heteropsammia cochlea is not well documented in the aquarium trade, but like many corals, they can reproduce both sexually and asexually. In the wild, they may release gametes into the water column for external fertilization, or they may form new individuals through budding.

Symbiosis

The most notable symbiotic relationship of Heteropsammia cochlea is with a burrowing bivalve, often a species of clam. This bivalve lives within the coral's base and extends its foot into the substrate, allowing the coral to 'walk' or reposition itself. This mobility helps the coral find optimal positions for feeding and light exposure, and it may also aid in avoiding sediment accumulation.

Habitat

Heteropsammia cochlea is typically found in the Indo-Pacific region, inhabiting sandy areas adjacent to reefs. They prefer environments where they can bury their base in the sand while exposing their polyp to the water column for feeding.