Common name: Pinecone fish

General information

The Pinecone Fish, scientifically known as Monocentris japonica, is a unique and visually striking species in the marine aquarium hobby. This fish is easily recognizable by its armored body covered in large, plate-like scales, resembling a pinecone or pineapple, hence its common names. The Pinecone Fish is bioluminescent, with light organs located at the lower jaw that emit a soft, greenish glow, which is used in the wild to attract prey during nighttime feeding.

Care

Pinecone Fish require a specialized care regimen due to their unique needs. They thrive in a peaceful, dimly lit aquarium with plenty of hiding places to mimic their natural nocturnal habitat. A sandy substrate and rockwork can provide the necessary shelter. They are carnivorous and prefer a diet of small, meaty foods such as mysis shrimp, brine shrimp, and finely chopped seafood. Care should be taken to ensure they are not outcompeted for food by faster, more aggressive tank mates.

Reproduction

Reproduction of Pinecone Fish in the home aquarium is rare and not well documented. In the wild, they are believed to be pelagic spawners, releasing eggs and sperm into the water column where fertilization occurs.

Habitat

Monocentris japonica is found in the Indo-Pacific region, particularly around Japan, the East China Sea, and northern Australia. They inhabit rocky reefs and slopes, typically at depths ranging from 2 to 100 meters. In the aquarium, replicating their natural environment will contribute to their well-being and longevity.