Common name: Purple-brown parrotfish

Scientific name: Scarus fuscopurpureus (Klunzinger, 1871)

General information

The Midnight Parrotfish, Scarus fuscopurpureus, is a vibrant and intriguing species known for its ability to change colors throughout its life stages. Juveniles typically exhibit a dark brown to black coloration, while adults can develop a mix of purple, blue, and green hues. This species is part of the parrotfish family, which plays a crucial role in the health of coral reefs by grazing on algae and helping to prevent algal overgrowth.

Details

Recommended minimum tank volume
500 liter (130 gallons)
Salinity
S.G. 1.020 to 1.025
Temperature
24 to 28 °C (75 to 82 °F)
Acidity
pH 8.1 to 8.4
Average size
45 cm (1′6″)
Care level
Moderate to easy Needs ample swimming space
Diet
Herbivore Algae-based diet; supplements beneficial
Social
Solo Can be territorial; best kept alone
Reefsafe
No May nip at corals and clams
Aggression
Semi aggresive Territorial, especially with conspecifics
Captive bred
No

Taxonomy

  1. Kingdom
    Animals
    Animalia
  2. Phylum
    Chordates
    Chordata
  3. Class
    Ray-finned Fishes
    Actinopterygii
  4. Order
    Perch-like Fishes
    Perciformes
  5. Family
    Parrotfish
    Scaridae
  6. Genus
    Parrotfish
    Scarus
  7. Species
    Purple-brown parrotfish
    Scarus fuscopurpureus (Klunzinger, 1871)
  8. Synonyms
    Pseudoscarus collana eques Steindachner, 1903
    Pseudoscarus forskalii fuscopurpureus Klunzinger, 1871

Care

Midnight Parrotfish require large, well-established aquariums with plenty of live rock for grazing and hiding. They are not the easiest fish to keep in captivity due to their size and dietary needs. A varied diet of marine algae, high-quality pellet foods, and frozen preparations will help maintain their health and coloration. It's important to note that they can be quite destructive to live corals, so they are best suited for fish-only or fish-only-with-live-rock (FOWLR) setups.

Reproduction

In the wild, Midnight Parrotfish are protogynous hermaphrodites, meaning they start life as females and can change to males as they mature. They exhibit complex mating behaviors, including the formation of harems. Breeding them in captivity is challenging and rarely achieved by hobbyists.

Habitat

Midnight Parrotfish are found in tropical and subtropical waters of the Indo-Pacific region. They prefer reef environments, often seen grazing on algae-covered surfaces. They can be found at various depths, usually between 1 to 20 meters, but sometimes deeper.

Geographical distribution includes the Red Sea, East Africa, the Maldives, Sri Lanka, the Andaman Sea, Indonesia, and northern Australia.