Common name: Cephalopods

Cephalopods, a class within the phylum Mollusca, are a fascinating and diverse group of marine animals that include octopuses, squids, cuttlefish, and nautiluses. These creatures are renowned for their intelligence, complex behaviors, and remarkable adaptability. Cephalopods are characterized by their bilateral body symmetry, a prominent head, and a set of arms or tentacles. Most species have a well-developed nervous system and exhibit advanced behaviors such as problem-solving and communication through color changes.

Octopuses, perhaps the most well-known cephalopods, are highly intelligent and have been observed using tools and engaging in playful activities. Their ability to change color and texture for camouflage, communication, and hunting is facilitated by specialized skin cells called chromatophores. Squids are known for their streamlined bodies and exceptional swimming abilities, making them efficient predators in the open ocean. Cuttlefish, with their unique internal shell known as a cuttlebone, are masters of camouflage and can blend seamlessly into their surroundings.

Nautiluses, on the other hand, are considered living fossils, with a lineage that dates back hundreds of millions of years. They possess a coiled external shell and rely on jet propulsion to navigate the deep ocean. Unlike their more advanced relatives, nautiluses have simpler nervous systems and lack the ability to change color.

For aquarium enthusiasts, cephalopods can be both challenging and rewarding to keep. They require specialized care, including a well-sealed tank to prevent escape and a diet rich in live or frozen prey. Cephalopods are sensitive to water quality, so maintaining stable and optimal conditions is crucial. Their short lifespans and specific habitat needs make them suitable for experienced aquarists who are prepared to meet their unique requirements.

1. 
   Common name: Algae Octopus

   Scientific name: Abdopus aculeatus
2. 
   Common name: Needle Cuttlefish

   Scientific name: Acanthosepion aculeatum
3. 
   Common name: Pharaoh Cuttlefish

   Scientific name: Acanthosepion pharaonis
4. 
   Common name: Coconut Octopus

   Scientific name: Amphioctopus marginatus
5. 
   Common name: Dwarf Cuttlefish

   Scientific name: Ascarosepion bandense
6. 
   Common name: Broadclub Cuttlefish

   Scientific name: Ascarosepion latimanus
7. 
   Common name: Papuan Cuttlefish

   Scientific name: Ascarosepion papuense
8. 
   Common name: Flamboyant Cuttlefish

   Scientific name: Ascarosepion pfefferi
9. 
   Common name: Starry Night Octopus

   Scientific name: Callistoctopus luteus
10. 
    Common name: Atlantic White-Spotted Octopus

    Scientific name: Callistoctopus macropus
11. 
    Common name: Berry's Bobtail Squid

    Scientific name: Euprymna berryi
12. 
    Common name: Greater Blue-ringed Octopus

    Scientific name: Hapalochlaena lunulata
13. 
    Common name: Southern Blue-ringed Octopus

    Scientific name: Hapalochlaena maculosa
14. 
    Common name: Two-toned Pygmy Squid

    Scientific name: Idiosepius pygmaeus
15. 
    Common name: Chambered Nautilus

    Scientific name: Nautilus pompilius
16. 
    Common name: California Two-spot Octopus

    Scientific name: Octopus bimaculatus
17. 
    Common name: Day Octopus

    Scientific name: Octopus cyanea
18. 
    Common name: Common Octopus

    Scientific name: Octopus vulgaris
19. 
    Common name: Common Cuttlefish

    Scientific name: Sepia officinalis
20. 
    Common name: Bigfin Reef Squid

    Scientific name: Sepioteuthis lessoniana
21. 
    Common name: Mimic Octopus

    Scientific name: Thaumoctopus mimicus
22. 
    Common name: Wunderpus Octopus

    Scientific name: Wunderpus photogenicus