Common name: Mushroom Corals
Lobactis is a genus of plate or mushroom coral belonging to the family Fungiidae. This genus is monotypic, containing only one species, Lobactis scutaria, which is found in the Indo-Pacific region. The coral is characterized by its solitary, non-colonial nature, meaning it does not form large colonies like many other coral species. Instead, it exists as a free-living entity, often found on sandy substrates or coral fragments in areas with significant water movement due to wave action.
The polyp of Lobactis scutaria can grow quite large, reaching lengths of up to 17 centimeters (about 6.7 inches). It has a discoid or elongated shape and is embedded in a cup-shaped structure known as a corallite, which is surrounded by calcareous material. The coral features narrow ribs called septa, which have tentacular lobes, and the outer ribs are known as costae, adorned with tiny spines. The coloration of this coral can vary, typically appearing in shades of brown, yellowish, or blue, often with contrasting tentacular lobes.
In terms of feeding, Lobactis scutaria is a carnivore, capturing plankton, shrimps, and small fish with its tentacles. It is also hermaphroditic, releasing eggs and sperm through its mouth, which after fertilization develop into planula larvae. These larvae eventually settle on the seabed, where they undergo metamorphosis and begin their life cycle as juvenile corals.
For reefkeeping enthusiasts, Lobactis scutaria can be an attractive addition to a marine aquarium, provided that the tank mimics its natural habitat with adequate water movement and suitable substrate. It is essential to ensure that the coral receives sufficient light and is not placed in direct competition with aggressive corals, as it can be sensitive to aggressive tankmates.
