Order

Common name: Stolidobranchs

Stolidobranchia

Stolidobranchia is a fascinating order within the class Ascidiacea, commonly known as sea squirts. Stolidobranchs are characterized by their tough, leathery outer tunic, which protects their soft inner body. This tunic is composed of a cellulose-like carbohydrate called tunicin, which is unique among animals.

One of the most intriguing aspects of stolidobranchs is their feeding mechanism. They are filter feeders, drawing in water through an incurrent siphon, filtering out plankton and organic particles with their pharyngeal slits, and expelling the filtered water through an excurrent siphon. This efficient feeding system allows them to thrive in a variety of marine environments, from shallow coastal waters to deeper oceanic regions.

Stolidobranchs exhibit a wide range of colors and forms, often forming colonies that can resemble coral reefs. They play a significant ecological role by providing habitat and food for other marine organisms, and their presence can indicate the health of the marine environment. Some species within this order have been studied for their potential bioactive compounds, which may have pharmaceutical applications.

For aquarium enthusiasts, stolidobranchs can be a unique addition to a marine tank, although they require specific care to mimic their natural environment. They need stable water parameters and a well-established tank with plenty of live rock or substrate for attachment. It's important to maintain good water quality and provide adequate flow to ensure they can filter enough food from the water column. However, due to their specialized care requirements, they are more suitable for experienced hobbyists.