Common name: Knob coral

General information

Favia helianthoides, commonly known as Sun Coral or Sunflower Coral, is a species of stony coral that is highly sought after by reef aquarium hobbyists for its vibrant colors and unique growth pattern. Unlike many other corals, Favia helianthoides does not rely heavily on photosynthesis, as it lacks the symbiotic algae (zooxanthellae) that many other reef-building corals possess. This characteristic allows it to thrive in lower light conditions, making it a versatile addition to various parts of the reef aquarium.

Care

Caring for Sun Coral requires a bit more attention compared to photosynthetic corals. Since it does not derive energy from light, regular feeding is crucial. It prefers meaty foods such as mysis shrimp, brine shrimp, and finely chopped seafood. Feeding should be done with a pipette directly to the polyps when they are open, usually during the evening or night. Stable water quality, with appropriate levels of calcium, alkalinity, and magnesium, is essential for the health and growth of Favia helianthoides.

Symbiosis

While Favia helianthoides does not have a symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae, it can form associations with various reef invertebrates. Small benthic creatures may seek shelter among its robust structure, and in some cases, certain species of crabs or shrimp may establish a cleaning station on the coral, picking off detritus and parasites.

Habitat

Favia helianthoides is found in the Indo-Pacific region, typically in sheltered lagoons and on reef slopes. It can occur at various depths, often ranging from shallow waters to deeper areas where light is less intense. In the aquarium, it should be placed in areas with moderate water flow and low to moderate lighting to mimic its natural habitat conditions.