Common name: Knob coral

General information

Favia speciosa, commonly known as Pineapple Coral, Moon Coral, or Brain Coral, is a species of stony coral that is popular among reef aquarium enthusiasts. This coral is known for its hardiness and the beautiful, dome-shaped colonies it forms. The polyps of Favia speciosa are often colorful, with hues ranging from green and brown to vibrant reds and purples, often with contrasting centers or "mouths" that can add visual interest to any reef tank.

Care

Pineapple Coral is relatively easy to care for, which makes it a favorite among both novice and experienced aquarists. It thrives in moderate lighting conditions and benefits from moderate water flow, which helps to keep the polyps free of debris and provides essential nutrients. Feeding is not strictly necessary, as Favia speciosa can obtain nutrients from the symbiotic zooxanthellae living within its tissues, but target feeding with microplankton or coral foods can promote growth and enhance coloration.

Symbiosis

Like many stony corals, Favia speciosa has a mutualistic relationship with zooxanthellae, photosynthetic algae that live within its tissues. The coral provides the algae with a protected environment and compounds necessary for photosynthesis, while the algae produce oxygen and help the coral to remove waste. This symbiosis is crucial for the coral's survival, especially in nutrient-poor environments like many reef systems.

Habitat

Favia speciosa is found in the Indo-Pacific region, typically in shallow reef environments. It prefers areas with moderate light and water movement, which are conditions that can be easily replicated in a home aquarium. In the wild, these corals are often found at depths ranging from the intertidal zone to about 30 meters, where they contribute to the complex structure of coral reefs by providing habitat for a variety of marine life.