Common name: Maroon Clownfish

General Information

The Maroon Clownfish (Premnas biaculeatus) is a striking and popular species within the aquarium trade, known for its deep maroon coloration and distinctive white or gold bands. The species is unique among clownfish due to its spine-like cheek protrusions, giving rise to its alternate name, the Spinecheek Clownfish. These fish are native to the Indo-Pacific region, particularly around the Great Barrier Reef and the Indo-Malayan region.

As one of the largest clownfish species, Maroon Clownfish are highly sought after by aquarists for their bold appearance and engaging behavior. However, they are also known for their aggressive nature, which can pose challenges in community tanks. Despite this, their captivating looks and dynamic interactions with their environment make them a fascinating addition to any marine aquarium.

Care

Maroon Clownfish require a well-established aquarium environment with plenty of live rock and hiding places. Due to their territorial nature, it's essential to provide ample space to minimize aggression towards tank mates. A tank size of at least 150 liters (40 gallons) is recommended, with larger tanks being preferable for multiple specimens or mixed-species setups.

These clownfish thrive in stable water conditions with moderate flow and require a diet rich in marine proteins. Offering a variety of foods, including frozen mysis shrimp, brine shrimp, and high-quality pellets, will help maintain their vibrant coloration and health. Regular feeding and maintaining optimal water parameters are crucial for their well-being.

Diet and Feeding

In the wild, Maroon Clownfish are omnivorous, feeding on small invertebrates and algae. In captivity, they should be provided with a varied diet to meet their nutritional needs. High-quality marine flakes or pellets, supplemented with frozen or live foods like mysis shrimp and brine shrimp, are ideal.

Feed Maroon Clownfish once or twice daily, ensuring they consume all food within a few minutes to prevent overfeeding and maintain water quality. Providing a balanced diet with occasional supplementation of vitamins and marine-based fatty acids will support their immune system and enhance their coloration.

Behavior and Compatibility

Maroon Clownfish are known for their aggressive temperament, particularly towards other clownfish species and similarly shaped fish. They are best kept singly or in established pairs, as they can be territorial and combative. In a community tank, they should be housed with other robust, semi-aggressive species that can hold their own.

While they are not toxic, Maroon Clownfish can be aggressive towards other tank inhabitants, especially when defending their territory or host anemone. Care should be taken when selecting tank mates, avoiding overly passive species that may be bullied.

Reproduction

Maroon Clownfish, like other clownfish, are protandrous hermaphrodites. In a pair, the larger fish becomes the female, while the smaller becomes the male. They are monogamous, with the female laying eggs on a flat surface near their host anemone. The male diligently guards and aerates the eggs until they hatch, typically within a week. Raising the fry requires a separate rearing tank and a diet of rotifers and baby brine shrimp.

Symbiosis

Maroon Clownfish have a symbiotic relationship with sea anemones, such as Entacmaea quadricolor. The anemone provides protection with its stinging tentacles, while the clownfish offers food scraps and defense against potential threats. This mutualistic relationship is a captivating aspect of their behavior in both wild and captive environments.

Health and Common Issues

With proper care, Maroon Clownfish can live up to 7-10 years in captivity. Ensuring stable water conditions, a balanced diet, and regular tank maintenance are key to their longevity. When selecting a specimen, look for active, vibrant individuals with smooth fins and no signs of disease.

Routine care involves maintaining optimal water quality, providing a varied diet, and monitoring for signs of stress or illness. Maroon Clownfish can be susceptible to marine ailments like ich and brooklynella, so quarantine new additions and treat illnesses promptly.

Habitat

Maroon Clownfish are found in coral reefs and lagoons throughout the Indo-Pacific, including the Great Barrier Reef, the Indo-Malayan region, and the Philippines. They prefer warm, shallow waters with plenty of live rock and anemones, thriving in stable conditions with moderate water flow.