Common name: stoplight parrotfish

General information

The Stoplight Parrotfish, Sparisoma viride, is a vibrant and dynamic addition to any large marine aquarium. This species is known for its remarkable ability to change colors and sex during its lifetime. Juveniles typically exhibit a reddish-brown coloration with white spots, while adults can be found in two phases: the initial phase where both males and females have a mottled brown and white appearance, and the terminal phase where males develop a striking green color with yellow spots on the head and a pinkish belly. The name 'Stoplight' comes from the three yellow spots on the tail that resemble stoplight signals.

Parrotfish are crucial for the health of coral reefs as they consume algae and dead coral, which helps prevent algal overgrowth and promotes coral growth. Their unique beak-like teeth are adapted for scraping and biting off pieces of coral and rock to access the algae.

Care

Stoplight Parrotfish require large tanks with plenty of swimming space and rockwork to mimic their natural reef environment. They are not suitable for reef tanks as they will graze on corals and invertebrates. A varied diet that includes algae, marine-based plant matter, and occasional meaty foods is essential for their well-being.

Reproduction

Sparisoma viride exhibits protogynous hermaphroditism, meaning individuals start life as females and some later transform into males. This change is often triggered by social cues or the absence of a dominant male. In the wild, they form harems with a single male overseeing several females. Breeding in captivity is rare and challenging due to their complex social structures and large space requirements.

Habitat

Native to the tropical Atlantic, Caribbean, and Gulf of Mexico, Stoplight Parrotfish are commonly found in shallow coral reefs, seagrass beds, and rocky substrates. They play a significant role in the ecosystem by helping to maintain the balance between coral and algal populations.