Common name: Sapsucking Slug

General information

Elysia verrucosa, commonly known as the Sapsucking Slug, is a species of sea slug in the family Plakobranchidae. These slugs are notable for their ability to incorporate chloroplasts from the algae they consume into their own tissues, a process known as kleptoplasty. This unique adaptation allows them to utilize photosynthesis, supplementing their diet with energy from sunlight.

The body of Elysia verrucosa is elongated and leaf-like, which increases the surface area for photosynthesis. They exhibit a range of colors, typically green with white spots, which helps them blend into their algal surroundings.

Care

In the aquarium, Elysia verrucosa requires a well-established system with plenty of live macroalgae for grazing. Stable water quality and lighting that supports algal growth are essential. They are sensitive to copper-based medications and sudden changes in water parameters.

Reproduction

Elysia verrucosa is a hermaphrodite, possessing both male and female reproductive organs. They can reproduce through a process called copulation, where two individuals exchange sperm to fertilize their eggs. The eggs are laid in gelatinous strings and hatch into free-swimming larvae.

Symbiosis

The symbiotic relationship between Elysia verrucosa and the algae it consumes is a fascinating example of mutualism. The sea slug benefits from the photosynthetic capabilities of the chloroplasts, while the algae are protected from predation within the slug's tissues.

Habitat

Elysia verrucosa is found in shallow, tropical waters where there is an abundance of sunlight and algae. They are often associated with seagrass beds and coral reefs, which provide the necessary algal food sources.