Common name: green elysia

General information

The Sapsucking Slug, scientifically known as Elysia viridis, is a small and colorful sea slug that belongs to the family Plakobranchidae. This species is known for its vibrant green coloration, which it acquires from the chloroplasts of the algae it consumes. The process, known as kleptoplasty, allows the slug to utilize the chloroplasts for photosynthesis, effectively 'stealing' the ability to harness energy from sunlight.

Care

In the home aquarium, Elysia viridis requires a mature system with plenty of live rock and algae growth. They are sensitive to water quality and require stable conditions with low nitrate levels. Supplemental feeding with algae sheets or similar foods may be necessary, especially in newer tanks with less established algae colonies.

Reproduction

These sea slugs are hermaphrodites, possessing both male and female reproductive organs. They can self-fertilize or mate with another individual. Eggs are laid in gelatinous strings and hatch into free-swimming larvae that will eventually settle and metamorphose into the adult form.

Symbiosis

Elysia viridis exhibits a fascinating symbiotic relationship with the algae it consumes. By incorporating the algae's chloroplasts into its own tissues, the slug can perform photosynthesis, which is highly unusual for an animal. This symbiosis is a prime example of how organisms can share resources and adapt to their environment in unique ways.

Habitat

This species is typically found in shallow waters along the European coastline, including the Mediterranean Sea and the eastern Atlantic Ocean. They inhabit areas with abundant algal growth, such as seagrass beds and rocky substrates.